摘要
结合近些年无灰煤系沥青基碳纤维的研究基础,围绕煤炭的高效利用以及环境污染和能源问题的重要性,阐述了无灰煤的发展历程;鉴于煤的溶剂热萃取机制,归纳了无灰煤结构性能与制备工艺之间的关联性;基于无灰煤高热值、低灰分、良好热塑性的特点,分析了无灰煤的应用现状与发展趋势。在此基础上,指出了无灰煤技术是实现煤炭清洁生产、高附加值利用的有效途径之一。同时,无灰煤的相关研究也存在着诸多关键的科学问题急需解决,及其应用基础研究也有待深入。主要的突破点是:①开发和设计无灰煤的成套生产装置,是实现无灰煤技术工业化转化的基础。②从煤的分子结构水平阐述无灰煤结构与性能的调控机制,是实现煤炭转化技术的关键。③基于无灰煤的独特物理化学性质开拓高性能无灰煤基碳材料的制备技术,是实现我国煤炭资源高附加值利用的发展方向。
Based on the research experience and achievements of HPC(Hyper-coal)-derived pitch-based carbon fibers in recent years,the development history of HPC was detailly introduced around the importance of efficiently utilize coal resources,and environmental pollution and energy problems;The relationship between structural properties and preparation processes of HPC were systematically summarized in view of the solvent-thermal extraction mechanism of coal;The application status and development trend of HPC were deeply discussed on account of its advantages of high calorific value,low ash content and excellent thermoplastic properties in this review.Moreover,it was pointed out that the HPC technology was one of the feasible strategies to the efficient utilization and environmental protection of coal resources,as well as there were also many key scientific problems should be solved in the preparation research of HPC and its basic application research need be further studied.The main breakthrough are as follows:①The design of production equipment for HPC is the foundation for the industrialized transformation of HPC technology.②It is the key to realize coal conversion technology that the expositions about the structural properties regulation mechanism of HPC from the molecular structure level of coal.③Based on the unique physical and chemical properties of HPC,developing the high-performance HPC-based carbon materials is the development direction for achieving the high added value of coal resources utilization in China.
作者
杨建校
魏文杰
祁勇
吴伟
张夏翔
YANG Jianxiao;WEI Wenjie;QI Yong;WU Wei;ZHANG Xiaxiang(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)
出处
《煤炭学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期3301-3313,共13页
Journal of China Coal Society
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(517020941)
湖南省自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(2017JJ3014)
煤转化与新型炭材料湖北省重点实验室开放基金资助项目(WKD201908)。
关键词
低阶煤
溶剂热萃取
无灰煤
碳材料
low-rank coal
solvent-thermal extraction
hyper-coal
carbon materials
作者简介
杨建校(1984—),男,江西赣州人,助理教授,博士,E-mail:yangjianxiao@hnu.edu.cn。
