摘要
巴斯的族界理论带来了人类学族群研究范式的转变,使"边界"成为了族群及其认同研究的"关键词",但这一理论也无视了族群文化的客观事实,这一点已在西方学术界引起了争论。基于本文的"田野"个案研究,笔者以为在族群认同中"边界"固然重要,但我们不能无视族群文化客观存在的"社会事实",因为边界不是"空洞"的存在,而是"既定自赋"(givens)——即文化的刻写。族群本身是文化的载体,而文化又是族群身份显现的符号。不论是在塑造内群体的"原型",还是在区分内外群体的身份认同标记的选择上,族群精英或族群个体都不可能不顾规则凭空捏造,族群性的建构与操弄都是需要具象的文化特质作为建构材料。
The theory of ethnic boundary had changed the research paradigm of study on ethnic group in anthropology,which led to the result that"boundary"becomes the keyword in the ethnicity and ethnic identity study.Such a theory neglects that ethnic culture is objective.lt brings out some dispute.Based on the cases study,we believe that"boundary"is certainly important in the ethnic identity research.However,we can’t ignore that ethnic culture is the objective"social fact",as boundary is inscribed by givens or culture,rather than a"hollow"existence.Ethnic group is the vessel of culture,meanwhile culture is the symbols which indicate ethnic identity.Nither the prototype solidifying the inner-group,nor identity markers differentiating the inner group and out-group,could be picked randomly by the ethnic members,the construction and manipulation of the ethnicity require culture traits as the constructive material.
出处
《青海民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期97-102,共6页
Qinghai Journal of Ethnology
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“甘肃汉藏交界地带的族群边界问题研究”(批准号:17CMZ016)阶段性成果。
关键词
原型
文化
族群边界
情境化
Prototype
Culture
Ethnic Boundary
Contextualize
作者简介
温梦煜(1989-),女,江西吉安人,兰州大学马克思主义学院讲师博士,主要从事民族心理与马克思民族理论政策研究。
