摘要
以采自怒江和龙川江的215尾大鳍异鮡(Creteuchiloglanis macropterus)为研究对象,分析其食物组成以及不同季节和不同全长组的食物组成和摄食强度差异。结果显示:大鳍异鮡的消化道内含物共鉴定出10类饵料,多样性指数(H′)为2.488,均匀度指数(J′)为0.6361,优势指数(D)为0.1363;大鳍异鮡以水生昆虫幼虫为主要饵料,属于偏动物食性鱼类,其中双翅目、毛翅目和蜉蝣目为优势类群;食物H′和摄食率从春季到冬季逐渐降低,平均充塞度春、冬季节高于秋季;随着全长的增加,双翅目、蜉蝣目的出现率和数量百分比逐渐减少,而毛翅目的比例则逐渐升高;≤90 mm和>120 mm全长组个体的摄食强度高于90~120 mm全长组个体。Schoener重叠指数(Dij)和Morisita重叠指数(C)显示仅春季与秋季的食物组成无显著重叠,其他各季节之间、各全长组之间的食物组成均有显著性重叠(Dij>0.6;C>0.6)。
A total of 215 specimens of Creteuchiloglanis macropterus were collected from Nujiang river and Longchuanjiang river in Yunnan to investigate the composition of prey species.Digestive tract contents of each fish were examined and the differences in diet composition and feeding intensity by different seasons and body classes were compared.The results showed that the diet of C.macropterus consisted of 10 prey items,the prey diversity H′was 2.488,prey evenness J′was 0.6361,prey dominance D was 0.1363.The larva of the aquatic insect was the main prey group for C.macropterus,Diptera,Trichoptera and Ephemeroptera were dominant prey groups,with the quantity percentage of 52.70%,28.44%and 14.17%,respectively.The diversity index(H′)of diet and feeding rates showed a gradually decreasing trend from spring to winter.Mean fullness index in autumn was the lowest level.As C.macropterus grew,the occurrence rate(F%)and the quantity percentage(N%)of Diptera and Ephemeroptera in digestive tract reduced,while F%and N%of Trichoptera and detritus raised.Tadpole and fish egg only appeared in the specimens whose total length was longer than 120 mm.The feeding intensity of total length groups≤90 mm and>120 mm were higher than that of 90~120 mm group.The Schoener and Morisita overlap index were used to compare diets by body classes and seasons respectively,the results indicated that there was significant dietary overlap(Dij>0.6;C>0.6)except between spring and fall.
作者
黄自豪
黄静
危起伟
王志坚
HUANG Zi-hao;HUANG Jing;WEI Qi-wei;WANG Zhi-jian(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development,Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing,School of Life Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institution,Wuhan 430223,China;Fishery Station of Baoshan City,Baoshan 678000,Yunnan,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期3-9,共7页
Freshwater Fisheries
作者简介
第一作者:黄自豪(1990-),男,硕士,主要从事渔业资源与土著鱼繁育研究,E-mail:Huangzh1015@163.com;通讯作者:王志坚,E-mail:wangzj1969@126.com。
