摘要
为了解南海北部近海头足类优势种的种间关系,根据2014—2015年该海域4个季节底拖网渔业资源调查,应用相对重要性指数、生态位宽度和重叠指数从时空维度分析头足类优势种的生态位特征。结果表明:该海域4个季节的头足类优势种共5种,分别为剑尖枪乌贼、中国枪乌贼、火枪乌贼、金乌贼和杜氏枪乌贼,前两种是4个季节的共同优势种。与历史数据相比,头足类优势种的种类组成已发生改变。头足类资源时空分布格局明显,海南岛南部至粤东海域资源密度高于北部湾,季节变化呈夏季高而冬季低特征。时空生态位分析表明,优势种的时间和空间生态位宽度没有一致位序,剑尖枪乌贼和中国枪乌贼分别占据最大的时间(1.32)和空间生态位宽度(3.90),而时间和空间生态位宽度最小的物种分别是金乌贼(0.98)和杜氏枪乌贼(2.04)。虽然时间生态位重叠在数值上显著高于空间生态位重叠,但二者均是在中国枪乌贼、剑尖枪乌贼、火枪乌贼等种对间有较高重叠,而杜氏枪乌贼与其余4个优势种的重叠较低。相关分析表明,在时空尺度上生态位宽度与丰度的变化均呈极显著负相关。生态位可反映物种资源量时空变化信息,丰富了传统渔业群落研究方法。
To understand the relationships among dominant species of cephalopods in offshore nor-thern South China Sea,we examined the niche characteristics of these dominant species from both spatial and temporal dimensions using the index of relative importance(IRI),the niche breadth and overlap indices based on fishery resources data from the bottom-trawl survey for four seasons during 2014-2015.The results showed that five dominant species of cephalopods were recorded for four seasons,including Loligo edulis,L.chinensis,L.beka,Sepia esculenta,and L.duvaucelii.The first two species were shared by all seasons.Compared with historical data,the composition of dominant cephalopods species had changed.The cephalopods resource exhibited obvious temporal and spatial variations.Stock density was higher in the sea area extending from the southern Hainan Island to eastern Guangdong Province than that in Beibu Gulf.The seasonal variation was characte-rized by the largest in summer but the smallest in winter.The temporal and spatial niche analysis showed that there was inconsistent in the order between temporal and spatial niche breadths for domi-nant species.L.edulis(1.32)and L.chinensis(3.90)occupied the largest temporal and spatial niche breadths,respectively.The smallest of temporal and spatial niche breadths were shown for S.esculenta(0.98)and L.duvaucelii(2.04),respectively.Though the temporal niche overlap was numerically larger than the spatial niche overlap,both of them had higher values in interspecies among L.edulis,L.chinensis,L.beka,and the lower overlap for the species pairs between L.duvaucelii and other species.The result of correlation analysis suggested that niche breadth exhibited a significant negative correlation with variation in abundance on both temporal and spatial scales.The ecological niche could reflect the tempo-spatial changes of species resource,which enriched the traditional methods of fishery communities.
作者
蔡研聪
孙铭帅
许友伟
李佳俊
黄梓荣
陈作志
杨长平
刘维达
张衡
CAI Yan-cong;SUN Ming-shuai;XU You-wei;LI Jia-jun;HUANG Zi-rong;CHEN Zuo-zhi;YANG Chang-ping;LIU Wei-da;ZHANG Heng(South China Sea Fishe-ries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510300,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 200090,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第8期2793-2803,共11页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2019HY-XKQ03)
农业农村部财政专项“南海北部近海渔业资源调查”(2014-2018)
省级促进海洋经济发展专项(GDME-2018E004)
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0605)
热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所)开放课题(LTO1805)
广东省促进经济高质量发展专项资金海洋经济发展项目[GDOE(2019)A23]
海南省自然科学基金项目(319QN337)资助。
关键词
生态位宽度
生态位重叠
时空维度
头足类
niche breadth
niche overlap
time-space dimension
cephalopods
作者简介
蔡研聪,男,1988 年生,博士研究生。主要从事渔业资源评估和海洋遥感研究。E-mail: onion-20062006@ 163.com;通讯作者:陈作志,E-mail:zzchen2000@163.com。
