摘要
2009—2015年,东盟海洋合作逐步"安全化",自2015年底以来则走向"去安全化",其间东盟面临诸多困难和挑战。东盟在海洋合作上的进展,是其对大国围绕区域海洋问题展开的地缘战略竞争以及随之而来的内部分歧所作的回应。当中国在东南亚海洋问题上的影响力扩大、东盟内部出现分裂的可能性时,东盟通过将海洋合作"安全化"来提升海洋相关议程的优先性,从而确保东盟在这一问题上的中心地位,同时在不过度刺激中国的前提下支持美国在区域合作机制中制衡中国的影响力。而当中美战略竞争进一步升级,东盟面临"选边站"和被边缘化的压力时,它又通过对海洋合作"去安全化"来引导海洋合作议程向发展问题转向,在缓和区域战略竞争环境的基础上引导大国回归东盟的平台来商议地区海洋问题。
This article investigates the processes,causes and agents of the securitization(2009-2015)and de-secauitization(after 2015)of ASEAN maritime cooperation as well as the difficulties and challerges facing ASEAN during these processes.It argues that ASEAN’s attention to maritime cooperation is its response to US-China geostrategic adjustment and competition over regional maritime issues and the following internal crisis.Specifically,when Chinese influence over regional maritime issues expanded and ASEAN countries were divided in their reaction,ASEAN worked to consolidate its centrality over maritime issues through securitizing maritime cooperation.With ASEAN sitting on the driver’s seat,it welcomed US involvement in maritime issues to balance Chinese influence on the one hand and avoided pushing China too hard on the other hand.When US-China geostrategic competition escalated and ASEAN felt increasing pressure to take side,it de-securitized maritime cooperation which intended to shift the agenda to development so as to mitigate great power competition as well as to maintain ASEAN centrality in regional cooperation.
作者
贺嘉洁
HE Jiajie(School of International Relations and Public Affairs,Fudan University,Shanghai,China)
出处
《东南亚研究》
CSSCI
2020年第4期66-86,155,共22页
Southeast Asian Studies
关键词
东盟
海洋合作
海洋安全
安全化
中美战略竞争
南海问题
ASEAN
Maritime Cooperation
Maritime Security
Secuuitization
US-China Geostrategic Competition
South China Sea Issue
作者简介
贺嘉洁,复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院副研究员。
