摘要
在乡村振兴战略背景下,各界亟须探索和总结出更多可供借鉴的乡村发展经验。文章以传统村落转型发展为分析视角,采用扎根理论研究方法,对陕西省袁家村向旅游特色小镇转型的驱动因素进行分析。研究结果表明:(1)袁家村转型过程可分为村落再生(2007—2011年)、村落发展(2012—2016年)和村镇形成(2017年至今)3个阶段,体现了袁家村由空心村式微经济到乡村旅游经济,再到村镇综合经济的发展历程。(2)袁家村3个转型阶段的驱动因素存在动态差异,村落再生阶段以精英治理、村民参与、资源和市场为关键驱动因素;村落发展阶段以制度治理、村民协动、旅游深度体验为关键驱动因素;村镇形成阶段以社区营造和公共性建构为关键驱动因素。(3)袁家村转型发展过程中,多元参与、利益共享的包容性基层治理,村民能动性参与和合作行为,特色文化地方性建构和价值再生产始终发挥着主导力量,推动着袁家村纵深发展。研究结果从本土经验角度为乡村振兴提供新的观察视角和实践启示。
Traditional villages carry the essential features of Chinese excellent traditional culture.With the continuous advancement of urbanization and industrialization in China,a large number of traditional villages have become hollowed out with involution,and the declining trend has become increasingly prominent.Therefore,it is urgent to deepen the practical summary and theoretical exploration for the protection and development of traditional villages.As an innovative integration of tourism development and quality construction in rural areas,the construction of tourism town is conducive to the renewal of the economy and culture in rural areas,and the revival and inheritance of traditional villages.Therefore,from the perspective of traditional village transformation and development this paper adopts the grounded theory research method to analyze the driving factors for the transformation of Yuanjiacun village into a tourism town in Shaanxi province.The transformation and development of Yuanjiacun village into a tourism town is a process of steady growth of tourist reception,as well as a process of gradual modernization and urbanization.This paper refers to the comprehensive contribution rate of tourism,tourism product concentration and village construction level,the Yuanjiacun village transformation process can be divided into village renovation stage(2007—2011),village development stage(2012—2016)and town formation stage(2017—present).The three stages reflect Yuanjiacun village’s development process from a hollowedout,declining village to rural tourism orientation,and then to a comprehensive patter of rural economy.There are dynamic differences in the key driving factors of the three transformation stages in Yuanjiacun village.In the village renovation stage,elite governance,villagers’participation,resources and market are the key driving factors.Through tourism cultivation in the village renovation stage,Yuanjiacun village laid a solid foundation of rural tourism development and embarked on the road of tourism-oriented development.In the village development stage,institutional governance,villagers’initiative,in-depth tourism experience were the driving factors.In this stage,Yuanjiacun village’s greatly improved tourist reception capacity,market visibility and development environment,thus entering a rapid development phase in terms of both scale and quality.Community building and public construction are the key driving factors in the ongoing town formation stage.In this stage,along with a high level of in-depth tourism clustering thanks to the upscaling effect,villagers’knowledge and literacy have also been constantly improved,thus big progress in human modernization.In the process of transformation and development of Yuanjiacun village,although the key driving factors of the three stages are different in value pursuit,focus and performance,there is a close logical connection between the driving factors.This paper finds that the inclusive grassroots governance with multiple participation and shared benefits,villagers’proactive participation,and local construction of characteristic culture and value reproduction always play a leading role.These three dominant forces run through all the time,promoting the in-depth development of Yuanjiacun village.Yuanjiacun village’s transformation and development indicate that the transformation of traditional villages should not be a campaign-style transformation with strong external intervention,but follow the logic of actively building new driving forces for natural growth and dynamic progressive development.
作者
陈水映
梁学成
余东丰
徐燕
CHEN Shuiying;LIANG Xuecheng;YU Dongfeng;XU Yan(School of Economics and Management,Northwestern University,Xi’an 710127,China;College of Environmental Science and Tourism,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang 473061,China;School of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第7期73-85,共13页
Tourism Tribune
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“乡村振兴战略背景下乡村旅游公共服务供给机制创新研究”(19BGL141)
河南省软科学基金项目“供给侧结构改革视角下河南省文化产业要素配置机制创新研究”(182400410241)共同资助。
关键词
传统村落
旅游特色小镇
转型
驱动因素
袁家村
traditional village
tourism town
transformation
driving factors
Yuanjiacun village
作者简介
陈水映(1983-),女,河南周口人,博士研究生,讲师,研究方向为乡村旅游、旅游地理等,E-mail:84130408@qq.com;梁学成(1969-),男,河北故城人,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为文化旅游产业与管理,E-mail:liang-mail@163.com;余东丰(1987-),男,河南洛阳人,博士研究生,研究方向为旅游项目运营,E-mail:ydfeng222@163.com;徐燕(1980-),女,河南开封人,博士研究生,讲师,研究方向为乡村休闲、旅游地理等,E-mail:15880782@qq.com。
