摘要
目的探究中国膳食模式与儿童哮喘的相关性,为减少儿童哮喘的发病提供科学依据。方法于2018年9月采用整群随机抽样方法抽取长宁区5所小学7~11岁302名儿童,采用问卷调查方式调查哮喘及相关症状患病情况、社会经济因素和儿童食物频率,通过因子分析提取膳食模式,采用χ2检验和logistic分析方法分析哮喘及相关症状的影响因素。结果通过因子分析提取5种膳食模式分别为水产品膳食模式、高热量膳食模式、禽畜肉类膳食模式、传统膳食模式、奶蛋类膳食模式。结果显示,年龄增长、体重超重或肥胖、周末运动时间过少、抗生素使用等是哮喘或哮喘相关症状的危险因素。过多的水产品摄入与感冒时喘息症状呈正相关;高能量膳食模式与喘息伴呼吸急促症状呈正相关;禽畜肉类模式与刺激性干咳症状呈正相关。结论中国的饮食中有多种膳食因素可以影响学龄儿童的哮喘及相关症状的发生。
Objective To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and childhood asthma in China and to provide evidences for reducing the incidence of childhood asthma.Methods We conducted a survey among parents and guardians of 302 children at ages of 7–11 years selected with cluster random sampling at 5 primary schools in Changning district of Shanghai city during September 2019.The children′s information on asthma and related symptoms and socioeconomic status were collected using a self-designed questionnaire and the data on diet patterns of the children were collected with the Food Frequency Questionnaire.Chi-square test and logistic analysis were used to analyze influencing factors of asthma and related symptoms.Results Factor analysis revealed five dietary patterns among the children,namely aquatic product diet,highcalorie diet,poultry meat diet,traditional diet,and milk/egg meal.Univariate analyses identified following significant risk factors for asthma or asthma-related symptoms:at higher age,overweight or obesity,less exercise time at weekends,and antibiotic use.Multivariate logistic analyses demonstrated that excessive intake of aquatic products was positively associated with wheezing symptoms when suffering from a cold;high-energy diet pattern was positively associated with wheezing with shortness of breath;and poultry meat pattern was positively associated with irritating dry cough symptoms.Conclusion A variety of diets can affect the occurrence of asthma and related symptoms in Chinese school-age children.
作者
杨东见
唐传喜
方虹霁
吴金贵
王和兴
姜庆五
YANG Dong-jian;TANG Chuan-xi;FANG Hong-ji(Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期938-943,共6页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
学龄儿童
哮喘
膳食模式
影响因素
school-age children
asthma
diet pattern
influencing factor
作者简介
杨东见(1993–),男,安徽宿州人,硕士在读,研究方向:流行病学;并列第一作者:唐传喜;通信作者:王和兴,E-mail:wanghexing@fudan.edu.cn;姜庆五,E-mail:jiangqw@fudam.edu.cn。
