摘要
本试验运用形态学和组织学方法研究了仔、稚和幼鳅(1~70日龄)的形态、生长及消化道组织的发育情况。取1 500尾由同一对亲鳅孵化出的仔鳅,共分为3个重复,每个重复500尾,饲养70 d。结果表明:1)泥鳅体长(L)和体重(W)的关系为:W=0.008 8L3.019 8(R2=0.994 0)。2)刚孵出的仔鳅体色透明,具外鳃,带有卵黄囊,消化道为1条闭合的直形管道,由单层柱状上皮细胞组成。3日龄时仔鳅卵黄囊近消失,消化道中出现食物残迹,肛门与外界相通。5日龄稚鳅外鳃显现退化,鳃骨膜向后延伸,出现内鳃丝,肠道内黏膜皱褶明显增加,前、中肠可见清晰的纹状缘。15~25日龄幼鳅外鳃完全消失,前、中和后肠组织结构差异明显,前肠的肌肉层壁变厚、黏膜皱褶加深,中肠黏膜皱褶较前肠短,前、中肠内纹状缘明显,后肠黏膜皱褶平缓,黏膜上皮层薄而透明,黏膜下层分布丰富的微血管网。综上,泥鳅属于等速生长类型;3日龄仔鳅从内源性营养转化为外源性营养;4~15日龄仔稚鳅肠道消化和气呼吸的功能尚不完善;16~25日龄幼鳅的肠道结构发育基本完成,消化功能已经趋于完善,后肠具有较完善的气呼吸的功能,结合泥鳅肠道发育提供适口的饵料,利用好鳃和肠道气呼吸双功能有利于提高仔稚鳅成活率。
In this paper,morphological and histological methods were used to study the morphology,growth and digestive tract tissue development of larvae,juvenile and juvenile loach(1 to 70 days of age).A total of 1500 lar⁃vae hatched from the same pair of loach were selected and divided into 3 replicates,each with 500 larvae.The feeding period was 70 d.Results showed as follows:1)the relationship between body length(L)and body weight(W)of loach was as follows:W=0.0088L3.0198(R2=0.9940).2)The newly hatched loach had a transparent body color,and had outer gill and yolk sac.The digestive tract was a closed straight canal,which was composed of monolayer columnar epithelial cells.At 3 days of age,the yolk sac of larvae loach nearly disappeared.Food residue appeared in the digestive tract,and the anus communicated with the external environment.The outer gill of larvae at 5 days of age appeared degeneration,the gill periosteum extended backward,and the inner gill filaments ap⁃peared.Folds of intestinal mucosa increased significantly,and clear striated border could be seen in the anterior in⁃testine and middle intestine.From 15 to 25 days of age,the outer gill disappeared completely,the tissue structure of the anterior intestine,middle intestine and posterior intestine was significantly different.The muscular wall of the anterior intestine became thicker and the mucosal folds deepened,and the mucosal folds of the middle intestine were shorter than those of the anterior intestine.The striated border of the anterior intestine and middle intestine was obvious.The folds of the posterior intestine mucosa were smooth.The mucosal epithelium was thin and transparent,and the submucosa was rich in microvascular network.In conclusion,loach belongs to constant growth type.At 3 days of age,juvenile loach take nourishment from endogenous nutrition to exogenous nutrition.Intestinal digestion and gas breathing function are not complete from 3 to 15 days of age juvenile loach.While intestinal structure de⁃velopment from 15 to 25 days of age juvenile loach is basically completed,and the digestive function has tended to be completed.Posterior intestine has a more complete gas breathing function.Combined with intestinal development of loach to provide palatability bait.Making good use of the dual functions of gill and intestinal gas breathing is beneficial to improve the survival rate of juvenile loach.
作者
高淼
张文平
周秋白
张正洲
王自蕊
王颖
GAO Miao;ZHANG Wenping;ZHOU Qiubai;ZHANG Zhengzhou;WANG Zirui;WANG Ying(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期2930-2940,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家特色淡水鱼产业技术体系(CARS⁃46)
国家自然科学基金(31860732)
江西省重点研发计划(20161ACF60020)
江西省现代农业协同创新计划专项(JXXTCX201602⁃02)
江西省大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系(JXARS)。
关键词
泥鳅
仔稚鳅生长
外鳃
消化道组织结构
肠道气呼吸
loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)
juvenile loach growth
outer gill
digestive tract structure
in⁃testinal gas breath
作者简介
高淼(1994-),女,河南永城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为特种水产动物营养。E⁃mail:13767952297@163.com;通信作者:周秋白,教授,博士生导师,E⁃mail:zhouqiubai@163.com。
