摘要
目的:探讨孕期进行盆底肌锻炼与分娩方式、第二产程时长及产前、产后尿失禁症状的相关性。方法:选择620例早中期孕妇,对其宣传并使其掌握盆底肌锻炼方法,填写尿失禁问卷表简表评估尿失禁情况,根据孕期每周进行盆底肌锻炼的次数分为五组,即经常锻炼组(≥4次);有时锻炼组(3~4次);偶尔锻炼组(2~3次);很少锻炼组(1~2次);不锻炼组(<1次),统计各组的例数、分析孕期盆底肌锻炼与分娩方式、第二产程时长的相关性,比较各组在初诊、分娩前、产后3 d、产后6周时的尿失禁问卷表简表分值。结果:①孕期经常锻炼组50例(8.06%),有时锻炼组9例(1.45%),偶尔锻炼组14例(2.26%),很少锻炼组20例(3.23%),不锻炼组527例(85.00%)。②孕期进行盆底肌锻炼与分娩方式(χ^2=2.30,P=0.67)、第二产程时长(F=0.93,P=0.45)均无相关性。③孕期进行盆底肌锻炼与产前、产后尿失禁分值相关(F=2.25,P=0.008);尿失禁分值在分娩前时,经常锻炼组低于不锻炼组;在产后3 d时,经常锻炼组、有时锻炼组均低于不锻炼组及很少锻炼组;在产后6周时,经常锻炼组低于不锻炼组及很少锻炼组。结论:孕期大多数孕妇仍不能坚持有效的锻炼;孕期进行盆底肌锻炼与分娩方式、是否会阴侧切以及第二产程时长均无相关性;孕期进行盆底肌锻炼可以显著改善产前及产后尿失禁相关症状。
Objective:To explore the correlation between pelvic muscle exercise during pregnancy and delivery approaches,the duration of the second stage of labor and the symptoms of urinary incontinence before and after delivery. Methods:A total of 620 pregnant women in the early and middle period who underwent prenatal care were selected to received instructions about how to perform the exercises correctly and fill in the brief form of urinary incontinence questionnaire,so as to evaluate the situation of urinary incontinence. Based upon the times of exercise per week,they were divided into 5 groups which were regular group(≥4 times),sometimes group(3-4 times),occasional group(2-3 times),rarely group(1-2 times) and never group(<1 time). The numbers of individual,delivery approach,duration of second stage of labor in all groups were analyzed. The scores of the urinary incontinence questionnaire at initial diagnosis,prepartum,3 days postpartum and 6 weeks postpartum were compared. Results:A total of 50 cases(8.06%) in regular group,9 cases(1.45%) in sometimes group,14 cases(2.26%) in occasional group,20 cases(3.23%) in rarely group,and 527 cases(85.00%) in never group. There was no correlation between pelvic muscle exercises during pregnancy and delivery approaches(χ^2=2.30,P=0.67) and duration of the second stage of labor(F=0.93,P=0.45). The pelvic muscle exercises during pregnancy was related to the scores of urinary incontinence(F=2.25,P=0.008) before and after delivery. The score of urinary incontinence in the regular group before delivery was lower than never group. At 3 days postpartum,the score of urinary incontinence in the regular group and sometimes group was lower than that in the never group and rarely group. At 6 weeks postpartum,the score of urinary incontinence in the regular group was lower than that in the never group and rarely group. Conclusion:Even if the advantages of pelvic muscle exercises during pregnancy are known,most pregnant women still can not perform exercise effectively. Pelvic muscle exercises during pregnancy is not related to the delivery approaches,lateral episiot-omy or not,and the duration of the second stage of labor. Pelvic muscle exercises can significantly improve prepartum and postpartum urinary incontinence-related symptoms.
作者
贾亮
周兴翠
王进平
王娜
JIA Liang;ZHOU Xingcui;WANG Jinping(Northwest Women and Children's Hospital,Xi'an 710061)
出处
《陕西医学杂志》
CAS
2020年第5期581-584,622,共5页
Shaanxi Medical Journal
基金
陕西省卫生健康科研基金资助项目(2018D039).
关键词
盆底肌锻炼
孕期
产后
分娩方式
第二产程
压力性尿失禁
Pelvic muscle exercise
Pregnancy
Postpartum
Delivery approach
Second stage of labor
Stress urinary incontinence
作者简介
通讯作者:王娜
