摘要
目的分析淄博市流感暴发疫情的流行规律及其影响因素,为科学制定防控策略提供依据。方法收集2009-2018年突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统、中国流感监测信息系统中淄博市报告的流感样病例暴发疫情事件相关信息及各级疾控机构的现场调查资料,通过统计描述、χ^2检验等统计分析方法,确定影响暴发疫情强度及持续时间的因素。结果 2009-2018年度,淄博市共报告74起流感暴发疫情,总罹患率为6.74%;疫情报告时间主要集中在每年11月至次年3月,共报告65起(87.84%);中、小学校为疫情发生的主要场所,共报告60起(81.08%);引起暴发疫情最多的病毒亚型为B型Yamagata系流感病毒和A(H3N2)流感病毒,分别占暴发疫情总数的27.03%和22.97%;学校环境(χ^2=29.449,P<0.05)、学校规模(χ^2=5.045,P<0.05)与流感暴发疫情流行强度有关,地区(Fisher P=0.027)、学校环境(χ^2=7.105,P<0.05)、采取措施的时间(χ^2=16.639,P<0.05)、停课方式(χ^2=5.251,P<0.05)与暴发疫情持续时间有关。结论淄博市流感暴发疫情主要发生在冬春季,中、小学校是高发场所,应积极改善学校环境,落实综合性防控措施,降低流感暴发疫情风险。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of influenza outbreaks in Zibo, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies.Methods Information on influenza-like case outbreaks that reported through Public Health Emergencies Report System and National Influenza Surveillance Network from 2009 to 2018, as well as the on-site investigation data of CDC were collected. By using the method of statistical description and chi square test, the study aims to determine the affecting factors of the intensity and the duration of outbreaks.Results Between 2009 and 2018, a total of 74 influenza outbreaks were reported in Zibo, with a total incidence rate of 6.74%. The peak of onset was from November to March each year, with a total of 65 reports(87.84 %). Primary and middle schools were the main sites for the outbreak of influenza, reporting a total of 60 events(81.08%). The influenza virus that caused the most outbreaks were B(Yamagata) and A(H3 N2), accounting for 27.03% and 22.97%, respectively. The school size(χ^2=5.045,P<0.05) and environment(χ^2=29.449,P<0.05) were related to the intensity of the outbreak. The district(Fisher P=0.027), the school environment(χ^2=7.105,P<0.05), the time for taking measures(χ^2=16.639,P<0.05), and the suspension of classes(χ^2=5.251,P<0.05) were related to the duration of the outbreak. Conclusion The outbreak of influenza in Zibo mainly occurs in winter and spring. Primary and middle schools are places with high risk. We should actively improve the school environment and implement comprehensive prevention and control measures to reduce the risk of influenza outbreak.
作者
曹海霞
王玲
刘超
崔峰
CAO Hai-xia;WANG Ling;LIU Chao;CUI Feng(Department for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo,Shandong 255026,China)
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第9期1558-1561,共4页
Modern Preventive Medicine
基金
淄博市科学技术发展计划政策引导类项目(2015kj010040)。
关键词
流感暴发疫情
流行特征
影响因素
Influenza outbreak
Epidemic characteristic
Influencing factor
作者简介
曹海霞(1983-),女,硕士,主管医师,研究方向:重点传染病防控;通讯作者:崔峰,E-mail:cuifeng@126.com。
