摘要
罗莎·卢森堡的资本积累理论具有深刻的空间意蕴,揭示了资本主义社会的空间扩张性、空间依赖性与空间矛盾性,因而对后来的空间批判理论具有典范性意义。与从历史纵向维度把握帝国主义的列宁范式不同,罗莎·卢森堡范式从空间横向维度批判帝国主义,二者差异的根源在于如何实现剩余价值的问题。列宁范式继承马克思的信用理论,在剩余价值实现过程中看到了金融资本的重要性,而罗莎·卢森堡范式则将实现剩余价值的可能性寄托于资本主义外部空间。在全球化时代,相比列宁范式,罗莎·卢森堡范式更具有理论穿透力,这是由全球化的资本主义再生产的特点所决定的。同时,罗莎·卢森堡范式低估了资本主义空间内部殖民的潜力,这暴露出罗莎·卢森堡范式的哲学缺陷,即停留在直观的经验主义,把扩大再生产理解为物的再生产,而没有看到社会关系的再生产,由此构成了罗莎·卢森堡范式的理论限度。
Rosa Luxemburg’s theory of capital accumulation has a profound spatial implication, which reveals the spatial expansivity, spatial dependence and spatial contradiction in capitalist society, thus being of exemplary significanceto those later spatial critique theories.Different from Vladimir Lenin’s paradigm to deal with imperialism in a historical vertical dimension, Rosa Luxemburg criticized imperialism from a spatial horizontal dimension in her paradigm. The root of the difference between those two paradigms lies in how to realize surplus value. Inheriting Marx’s theory of credit, Lenin’s paradigm noticed the importance of financial capital in the process of realizing surplus value. However, Rosa Luxemburg’s paradigm resorted the possibility of realizing surplus value to the exterior space of capitalism. In the era of globalization, Rosa Luxemburg’s paradigm holds more penetrating theoretical power than Lenin’s paradigm, which is determined by the features of globalized capitalist reproduction.Meanwhile, Rosa Luxemburg’s paradigm underestimates the potential of internal colonialism within capitalist space, which exposes the philosophical defect of this paradigm. It means this paradigm merely remains as intuitive empiricism, interpreting extended reproduction as reproduction of objects, but ignoring the reproduction of social relationship, which constitutes the theoretical limitation of Rosa Luxemburg’s paradigm.
作者
张梧
Zhang Wu(Department of Philosophy,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期34-41,共8页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
2019年度教育部人文社会科学研究专项任务项目“人类命运共同体的哲学意蕴研究”(项目编号:19JD710003)的中期研究成果之一.
关键词
罗莎·卢森堡
资本积累
扩大再生产
全球化
空间批判
Rosa Luxemburg(罗莎·卢森堡)
capital accumulation
extended reproduction
globalization
spatial criticism
作者简介
张梧,男,上海人,北京大学哲学系助理教授.
