摘要
目的了解绵阳市食源性疾病事件流行病学特征,为制定食源性疾病预防控制措施提供依据。方法对2010-2018年绵阳市报告的食源性疾病事件监测资料进行描述性分析。结果2010-2018年绵阳市共报告食源性疾病事件206起,发病1257人,死亡4人,平均每起发病6.10人,罹患率为9.57%,病死率为0.32%。食源性疾病事件集中在3季度;发生场所以家庭为主,占总事件数的64.56%;致病因素以毒蕈和沙门氏菌污染为主,分别占总事件报告数的39.81%和18.93%。毒蕈和亚硝酸盐中毒成为绵阳市食源性疾病事件头号健康危害因素,死亡人数分别占总死亡人数的75.00%和25.00%;引发事件因素主要为误食误用。结论哨点医院在食源性疾病监测工作中充分发挥了监测预警作用,应继续增加哨点医院的数量。同时加强对餐饮场所、农村宴席和学校食堂的监管力度,通过各种形式开展野生蕈及亚硝酸盐中毒等食品卫生相关防治知识的健康教育宣传,是提高本市食源性疾病事件监测敏感性,开展针对性防控,降低食源性疾病负担的关键。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease incidents in Mianyany city,and to provide a basis for formulating foodborne disease prevention and control measures.Methods We descriptively analyzed the monitoring data of foodborne diseases reported in Mianyang city from 2010 to 2018.Results A total of 206 foodborne disease incidents were reported in Mianyang city in 2010-2018,with 1,257 cases,4 deaths,the average incidence in each outbreak being 6.10 cases,the incidence rate of 9.57%and the fatality rate of 0.32%.The foodborne disease incidents peaked in the third quarter of each year.Most of the incidents occurred in families,accounting for 64.56%of the total incidents.The main pathogenic factors were poison mushroom and Salmonella contamination,accounting for 39.81%and 18.93%of the total number of reported incidents,respectively.Poison mushroom and nitrite poisoning became the leading health hazards in the foodborne disease incidents in Mianyang city,accounting for 75.00%and 25.00%of the total deaths,respectively.The main cause of the incidents was accidental ingestion and misuse.Conclusions Sentinel hospitals play an important role in the monitoring and early warning of foodborne diseases;and hence,the number of sentinel hospitals should be continually increased.At the same time,strengthening the supervision of catering places,rural banquets and school canteens and conducting health education and propaganda concerning wild mushroom and nitrite poisoning and other food hygiene related prevention and treatment knowledge through a variety of ways are the key to improve the surveillance sensibility of foodborne diseases,carry out the target prevention and control and reduce the burden of foodborne diseases in Mianyang city.
作者
刘颜
何玲玲
罗赟
孙雪梅
童菲
LIU Yan;HE Ling-ling;LUO Yun;SUN Xue-mei;TONG Fei(Institute of Food Hygiene Monitoring,Mianyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Mianyang,Sichuan 621000,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2020年第5期538-542,共5页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
食源性疾病
事件
流行病学
foodborne disease
incident
epidemiology
作者简介
刘颜(1972-),女,大专,副主任医师,主要从事食品卫生监测工作。
