摘要
晚清一部分思想激进的读书人批评国家和家庭都是自私自利的表现,而主张去国、去家。传统的修身、齐家、治国、平天下裂变为修身、去家、去国、平天下。在个人主义崛起的五四时代,一部分时人强调以个体直接面向社会来重构理想的人群组织,其特色便是儿童公育、父老公养、不要家庭。对于无家庭的人群如何凝聚成社会的问题,新青年期待以各式各样的"主义"来凝聚这个陌生人组成的社会。家庭革命的言说展现了部分读书人既反传统、又反西化的倾向,也意味着他们对人性罪恶面、人能力的有限性以及亲情的可替代性等根本问题有着突破古今中西的新认识。家庭渐渐成为各派人士最不喜欢的社会建制,这也进一步塑造了中国政治和社会的走向。
In the late Qing Dynasty,some radical intellectuals had critiques of both state and family as the emblems of selfishness and therefore called for abolishing them. As a result,the traditional political doctrine of self-cultivation,family-regulating,state-ordering and maintaining world peace began to shift towards self-cultivation,familyelimination,state-elimination and maintaining world peace. In the May Fourth Era characteristic of rising individualism,some contemporaries insisted on installing an ideal social structure with a direct linkage of individuals to society,featuring public rearing of children,public support of seniors and the abolition of family. To address the question how to bind together a society without families,the post-May Fourth new youth proposed an alternative of various-isms to achieve the social integration of strangers. The wide-spread abomination of family as a social institution further shaped China’s political and social developments. The discourse of family revolution was indicative of an intellectual trend that ran counter to both traditional and Westernized ideas,and represented a major breakthrough in the thinking of fundamental questions including the intrinsic evils of humanity,the finiteness of human capabilities and the substitutability of family ties.
出处
《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期15-27,194,共14页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
