7Breen, M.P.Learner contributions to task design [A].In Language Learning Tasks [C].Ed.Candlin and Murphy.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall International, 1987.20-42.
8Donato, Richard.Collective Scaffolfding in Second Language Learning [A].In Vygotsky Approach to Second Language Research [C].Ed.Lantolf, J.et al.New York: Adlex Publisher, 1994.33-56.
9Fisher, E.Distinctive Features of Pupil-Pupil Classroom Talk and Their Relationship to Learning: How Discursive Exploration Might be Encouraged [A].In Language, Literacy and Learning in Educational Practice [C].Ed.Stierer, B.London: The Open University Press, 1994.14-28.
10Fisher, E.Identifying Effective Educational Talk [J].Language and Education, 10/4(1996): 237-253.
