摘要
[目的]探讨七叶树苗木生长所需的最佳施肥种类及最佳施肥量。[方法]采用双因素随机区组试验设计,对七叶树苗期进行复合肥、氮肥2个肥料种类,5个施肥水平[0、2、4、6、8 g/(株·次)]处理,研究施肥对七叶树苗木生长的影响。[结果]苗高、地径增量在6 g/(株·次)复合肥水平处理下达到最大值,分别为20.8 cm和2.49 mm,是CK的4.00和3.56倍,不同氮肥水平处理的苗高、地径增量在同一水平下低于复合肥处理;高径比在6 g/(株·次)复合肥水平下最好;地上、地下鲜重和地上、地下干重在6 g/(株·次)复合肥水平下达到最大值,分别为16.13、23.07、7.09和8.43 g,分别是CK的2.44倍、1.58倍、1.88倍和1.67倍;不同氮肥水平处理的七叶树苗木生物量积累在同一水平下低于复合肥处理;总根长、根表面积、根体积和根平均直径在8 g/(株·次)氮肥水平下达到最大值,分别为15.97 m、1.27 dm^2、8.87 cm^3和2.64 mm,分别是CK的1.99倍、1.93倍、1.74倍和2.24倍,施肥对根系发育的影响基本表现为不同氮肥水平处理好于复合肥处理;比根长在8 g/(株·次)氮肥水平下达到最大值2.23 m/g,是CK的1.40倍,且不同氮肥水平处理优于复合肥。[结论]在一定范围内,随着施肥量的增加,七叶树苗木生长有显著提高,但施肥过量,则生长反而降低或提高不显著。复合肥对七叶树幼苗各指标的影响整体优于氮肥,基本在6 g/(株·次)复合肥水平处理下最佳,而合理增施氮肥有利于根系发育。
[Objective]To explore the best fertilization type and the best fertilization amount for the growth of Aesculus chinensis seedlings.[Method]Double-factor randomized block experiment was conducted.Compound fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer were used with five levels[0,2,4,6,8 g/(plant·time)]to study the effects of fertilization on growth of A.chinensis seedlings.[Result]The increment of seedling height and ground diameter reached the maximum,which were 20.8 cm and 2.49 mm,4.00 and 3.56 times of CK,respectively,when the application amount of compound fertilizer was 6 g/(plant·time).The increment of height and ground diameter with application of nitrogen fertilizers were lower than that with application of compound fertilizers in all levels.The ratio of height to diameter was the best when 6 g/(plant·time)compound fertilizer was applied.The fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots reached the maximum with the application of 6 g/(plant·time)compound fertilizer,they were 16.13,23.07,7.09 and 8.43 g respectively,and 2.44,1.58,1.88 and 1.67 times of CK,respectively.The biomass accumulation of A.chinensis seedlings treated with different nitrogen levels was lower than that of compound fertilizer treatment at the same level.The total root length,root surface area,root volume and average root diameter reached the maximum at 8 g/(plant·time)nitrogen fertilizer level,which were 15.97 m,1.27 dm^2,8.87 cm^3 and 2.64 mm,respectively,which were 1.99,1.93,1.74 and 2.24 times of CK.Concerning the effects of fertilizer application on root development,we found that the nitrogen fertilizer was basically better than compound fertilizer.Root length reached the maximum value of 2.23 m/g,when amount of nitrogen was applied as 8 g/(plant·time),which was 1.40 times of CK.The treatments of nitrogen fertilizer in different levels were all better than that of compound fertilizer.[Conclusion]With the application of two kinds of fertilizers in a certain concentration range on the A.chinensis seedlings,the growth of A.chinensis seedlings significantly increased along with the increase of fertilizer amount,and the excessive fertilization application would lead to a decrease or an invariant status of growth indexes.Effect of compound fertilizer on growth indexes of A.chinensis seedlings was better than nitrogen fertilizer,the treatment of 6 g/(plant·time)compound fertilizer was the best,and a reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer would be beneficial for the root growth of A.chinensis seedlings.
作者
贾永正
杨素素
喻方圆
胡永清
尤巧红
JIA Yong-zheng;YANG Su-su;YU Fang-yuan(The Management Office of the Lab and Base Construction,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037;Co-Innovation Center of the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2020年第3期116-121,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
江苏省农业三项工程“苦楝优良耐盐品种选育及标准化快繁技术示范与推广”项目(lysx[2009]45)
关键词
七叶树
施肥
生长指标
Aesculus chinensis
Fertilization
Growth index
作者简介
贾永正(1967—),男,甘肃渭源人,工程师,农推硕士,从事林业生产经营研究;通信作者:喻方圆,教授,博士,博士生导师,从事林木种苗教学和种子检验等研究。
