摘要
盐碱胁迫会抑制植物的光合作用和正常生长发育,而硅对盐碱胁迫下植物的生长有重要调节作用。国内外研究结果表明,添加外源硅能有效促进盐碱胁迫下植物的光合作用,减少水分散失并促进有机渗透调节物质的合成,还能抑制植物体内积累过多的Na+,使K+/Na+维持在平衡水平,从而缓解渗透胁迫;同时能提高植物体内相关抗氧化酶的活性,促进抗氧化物质合成,抵御氧化胁迫,达到提高植物耐盐性的目的。本文对这些研究结果进行了综述,并建议将现代遗传学、分子生物学、基因组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学和传统生理生化手段结合起来,从更深层次揭示硅调控植物耐盐碱性的机理。
Salt-alkali stresses can seriously inhibite plant photosynthesis,growth and development,while silicon plays an important role in regulating plant growth under saline-alkali stresses.It is believed that silicon can effectively promote plant photosynthesis,reduce leaf transpiration and alleviate osmotic stress by promoting the synthesis of organic osmotic regulatory substances under saline-alkali stresses.Furthermore,silicon can prevent the excessive entry of sodium into plant cell and reduce the loss of potassium,which is important to maintain the balance of potassium to sodium in plant cell,thereby alleviating osmotic.At the same time,it can increase the activity of related antioxidant enzymes in plants,promote the synthesis of antioxidants,resist oxidative stress,and achieve the purpose of improving salt-alkali tolerance of plants.Finally,it is suggested that modern genetics,molecular biology,genomics,proteomics,metabolomics and traditional physiological and biochemical methods should be combined to reveal the mechanism of saline-alkaline tolerance of plants.
作者
刘铎
白爽
李平
宁东峰
杨庆山
梁志杰
郭魏
齐学斌
LIU Duo;BAI Shuang;LI Ping;NING Dongfeng;YANG Qingshan;LIANG Zhijie;GUO Wei;QI Xuebin(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang,Henan 453002,China;Key Laboratory of High-efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources of CAAS,Xinxiang,Henan 453002,China;Administering Department of Beijing Badachu Park,Beijing 100041,China;Water Environment Factor Risk Assessment Laboratory of Agricultural Products Quality and Safety,Ministry of Agriculture,Xinxiang,Henan 453003,China;Shandong Forestry Research Institute,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期1507-1513,共7页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
中央级公益性行业科研院所基本科研业务费资助项目(FIRI2019-04-01)
国家重点研发计划支持课题(2017YFD0800403)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-FIRI-03)
关键词
硅
盐碱
胁迫
耐盐碱
Silicon
Salt-alkali
Stress
Saline-alkaline tolerance
作者简介
第一作者:刘铎,E-mail:ld258825@126.com;通讯作者:齐学斌(E-mail:qxb6301@sina.cn)。
