摘要
空气质量是影响人类健康和福祉的重要因素,但频发的雾霾已严重影响居民健康和宜居城市建设,大气治理成为生态文明建设和绿色发展的重要内容。研究选取2014-2017年京津冀及周边地区"2+26"城市的AQI数据和社会经济数据,结合探索性空间数据分析方法分析区域内城市空气质量的时空演变特征,运用PCA-多元线性回归模型甄别与测度空气质量影响因子,并尝试分析城市空气质量演变的经济社会驱动机理。结果表明:2014-2017年,京津冀及周边地区AQI总体降低16.95%,空气质量趋于改善;季节差异显著,呈现典型的"单峰谷"特征;月度变化轨迹呈U型曲线,与"冬重夏轻"的季节特征相适应。空间趋势上呈现显著的空间异质性,表现出中间高两侧低的"中心-外围"结构,空间自相关分析表明城市空气污染存在显著的空间溢出效应,高高集聚、低低集聚模式明显。经济增长、产业结构、城镇化、能源效率、交通压力、城市绿化等社会经济因素是城市空气质量变化的重要驱动因子,应从区域产业结构、城市管理水平、能源使用效率、环境经济政策等角度切入,强化雾霾治理的区域协调机制,推动研究区域城市空气质量的改善。
Air quality is the basic condition of public health and welfare. However, severe haze in China has seriously influenced human being health and urban development, so that a large number of measures have been taken to control the air pollution. The data of Air Quality Index(AQI) of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas(‘2 + 26’cities) and their corresponding socioeconomic data from 2014 to 2017 are selected in this paper to describe the spatiotemporal evolution by the means of exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA). In addition, this paper adopts PCA-multivariable linear regression model to recognize and measure the influence factors of air quality and establish a socioeconomic driving mechanism about the prevention and control of atmosphere. The results show that the air quality in BeijingTianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas(‘2+26’cities) tends to be improved as their AQI has decreased by 16.95% from^2014 to 2017. It has distinctive seasonal differences of air quality in research areas. The monthly changing trajectory shows a U-shaped curve, which is consistent with the seasonal characteristics of heavy air pollution in winter and light in summer. The spatial distribution shows obvious spatial heterogeneity and‘center-periphery’spatial structure, which has serious air pollution in middle areas and low pollution in periphery areas. Urban air pollution has a significant spatial spillover effect. Economic growth, industrial structure, urbanization, energy efficiency, traffic pressure, urban landscaping and other socioeconomic factors are important driving forces affecting urban air quality. Based on the research results, it put forwards some suggestions to improve the air quality and strengthen the regional coordination mechanism of haze controlling, such as regional industrial structure, urban management level, energy use efficiency and environmental economic policies.
作者
程钰
刘婷婷
赵云璐
王亚平
CHENG Yu;LIU Tingting;ZHAO Yunlu;WANG Yaping(College of Geography and Environment,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China;School of Urban and Regional Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第10期183-192,共10页
Economic Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41871121、41501124)
中国博士后基金面上资助项目(40411592)
中国博士后基金特别资助项目(2019T120603)
山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J15LH07)
关键词
空气质量
高污染产业
汽车尾气
大气污染联防联控
绿色发展
京津冀
air quality
high-pollution industry
automobile exhaust
air pollution joint prevention and control
green development
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
作者简介
程铉(1984-),男,山东潍坊人,副教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向为经济地理与区域可持续发展.E-mail:383617726@qq.com;通讯作者:王亚平(1985-),女,山东莱西人,博士。主要研究方向为区域可持续发展.E-mail:422758824@qq.com。
