独生子女父母养老主体选择——基于子女特征与代际支持的影响研究被引量：9

Pension Choice of One-Child Parents: Based on Children’s Characteristics and Intergenerational Support

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摘要在家庭结构改变、养老资源不足的现实背景下,子代的赡养反馈会影响父母养老主体选择,这在独生子女家庭表现更为明显。本文以西安市为典型区域,实证分析了子女特征、代际支持对独生子女父母养老主体选择的影响程度与影响机理。结果显示,是否与父母同住对独生子女父母养老主体选择具有显著影响;子女性别、婚姻状况、是否工作影响不显著;获得独生子女精神慰藉的父母自我养老意愿更强;独生子女为父母提供社交支持会降低父母对子女的养老依赖;独生子女经济支持、生活照料对其父母养老主体选择影响不显著。据此提出:内化自养意识为自养行动,鼓励独生子女父母提升自养能力;鼓励子女与父母同住,加大社会养老资源补充与均衡配置;强化子女精神慰藉和社交支持,加强政府经济补偿和社会化养老服务。 Under the realistic background of family structure change and lack of old-age resources,the feedback of the support of the offspring will affect the pension choice of parents’support for the elderly,which is more obvious in the family of one-child.This paper takes Xi’an as a typical area,and empirically analyzes the influence degree and influence mechanism of children’s characteristics and intergenerational support on the pension choice of the one-child parents.The results show that whether one-child live with their parents has a significant effect on pension choice of one-child parents,and children’s gender,marital and work status have no significant effect.One-child parents are more willing to choose self-caring when their children provide spiritual consolation with them.One-child’s social support reduces parents’pension dependence on children.The economic support and life caring of one-child does not have a significant effect on the pension choice of their parents.Accordingly,the paper puts forward policy suggestions for improving pension security system for one-child parents.One-child parents should internalize self-supporting consciousness into self-supporting action and improve their self-supporting ability.The children should be encouraged to live with their one-child parents and social resources should be increased to balance pension resources.One-child should strengthen spiritual consolation and social support on their parents and the government should strengthen economic compensation and socialized aged care services to one-child parents.

作者封铁英马朵朵 FENG Tieying;MA Duoduo(School of Public Policy and Administration,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院

出处《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2019年第6期76-83,共8页 Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基金国家社会科学基金重点项目(17AJL015)

关键词养老主体选择独生子女父母家庭结构子女特征代际支持 pension choice one-child parents family structure child characteristics intergenerational support

分类号 D632.1 [政治法律—中外政治制度]

作者简介封铁英(1978—),女,西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院教授,博士生导师,统计与精算研究中心副主任。