摘要
目的了解肿瘤科护士共情疲劳现状及其影响因素,为管理者制定相应策略提供参考。方法采用一般资料问卷、中文版共情疲劳量表、护士职业压力源量表、领悟社会支持量表及心理弹性量表对南昌市2所三级甲等综合医院及1所三级甲等肿瘤专科医院的226名肿瘤科护士进行调查。结果226名肿瘤科护士共情疲劳总分(42.01±19.66)分,二次创伤(14.73±8.08)分,职业倦怠(27.27±13.19)分,存在一定程度的共情疲劳。护士职业压力总分(90.58±13.45)分,领悟社会支持总分(49.55±10.79)分,心理弹性总分(58.90±12.55)分。单因素方差分析显示,性别、年龄、工作年限与肿瘤科护士共情疲劳有关。Pearson相关分析显示,共情疲劳总分与护士职业压力各维度呈正相关(r=0.170~0.311,均P<0.05),与领悟社会支持、心理弹性各维度呈显著负相关(r=-0.284^-0.378,均P<0.01)。多元回归分析显示,护理专业及工作的压力、自强性、家庭内支持、工作年限、工作量及时间分配的压力是职业倦怠的影响因素(P<0.05);自强性、患者护理的压力、年龄是二次创伤的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论肿瘤科护士存在一定程度的共情疲劳,并且受职业压力、领悟社会支持及心理弹性的影响。肿瘤科护士应加强自身心理素质,提高应对能力。管理者须重视并开展有关职业心理及共情的教育与培训,适当减轻肿瘤科护士工作负荷,改善工作环境,并提供更多的支持,以降低护士的共情疲劳。
Objective To understand the status of compassion fatigue and its influencing factors in oncology nurses,and to provide reference for managers to develop the coping strategies.Methods A total of 226 oncology nurses from two first-class general hospitals and one first-class cancer hospital in Nanchang City were surveyed with the general information questionnaire,Chinese version of the Emotional Fatigue Scale,Nurses'Occupational Stress Source Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.Results The total compassion fatigue score,secondary trauma score and occupational burnout score were(42.01±19.66),(14.73±8.08)and(27.27±13.19),respectively.The total scores of occupational stress,perceived social support and mental resilience were(90.58±13.45),(49.55±10.79)and(58.90±12.55),respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the gender,age and length of service were related to the compassion fatigue in oncology nurses.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of compassion fatigue was positively correlated with the dimensions of occupational stress(r=0.170-0.311,P<0.05),but was negatively correlated with the dimensions of perceived social support and mental resilience(r=-0.284--0.378,P<0.01).Multivariate regression analysis showed that the stress,self-reliance,family support,service length,workload and time allocation were the influencing factors for job burnout in nursing profession and work(P<0.05).Self-reliance,nursing stress and age were the influencing factors for secondary trauma(P<0.05).Conclusion Oncology nurses has a certain degree of compassion fatigue,which is affected by occupational stress,perceived social support and mental resilience.The nurses should strengthen their psychological quality and coping capacity.Managers should pay attention to and carry out the education and training on professional psychology and compassion,appropriately reduce the workload,improve the working environment,and provide more support to reduce the compassion fatigue of oncology nurses.
作者
苏继亮
何朝珠
夏佳颖
SU Ji-liang;HE Chao-zhu;XIA Jia-ying(School of Nursing,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China)
出处
《南昌大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
2019年第4期82-87,共6页
Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences
关键词
肿瘤科
护士
共情疲劳
影响因素
oncology
nurses
compassion fatigue
influencing factors
作者简介
苏继亮(1994—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事护理管理的研究。
