摘要
分析东京奥运周期日本优秀男子体操运动员的动作发展情况,结果表明:(1)自由体操:重视D组及以上高难度动作及其连接发展,注重“前空翻2周类”动作的发展,非技巧动作发展稳定。(2)鞍马:重视使用“反交叉起倒立动作”,弃用高难度“俄式挺身转体类”动作,重视FLOPS、组合动作及移位类型动作的使用。(3)吊环:力量(静止)动作及摆动至力量静止动作发展不足,重视摆动动作的使用,高质量完成以“团身旋类”为主的结束动作。(4)跳马:多采用“第一腾空转体90°或180°类型动作”。(5)双杠:回避“空翻2周成挂臂类”动作,倾向使用“空翻成俯挂类”动作,短半径及悬垂摆动作发展稳定。(6)单杠:强调高质量完成以满足动作组别要求为目的的悬垂摆动动作,重视飞行动作发展,具有连接价值的飞行串发展缓慢,“正/反掏转体成扭臂(混合)握”动作减少,阿德勒发展平稳等。
The authors analyzed the movement development situation of excellent Japanese male gymnasts,and re-vealed the following results:(1)floor exercise:they valued the development of high difficulty movements in group D or higher and their connections,the development of movements in the“2 forward somersaults”category,and non-skill movement development stability;(2)pommel horse:they valued the use of the“reverse crossover to hand-stand movement”,abandoned the use of movements in the“Russian wendeswing”category,valued the use of FLOPS,combination movements and displacement type movements;(3)rings:their strength(static)movements and swinging to strength static movements were underdeveloped,they valued the use of swinging movements,they completed the ending movement,mainly in the“body rotation”category,in a high quality fashion;(4)vault:mostly they used movements in the“handspring with 90°or 180°in the first flight phase”category;(5)parallel bars:they avoided movements in the“2 somersaults into hanging arms”category,tended to use movements in the“somersault into overhang”category,and short radius and pendulum movement development stability;(6)horizontal bars:they emphasized the high quality completion of pendulum movements whose purpose was to meet the requirements of the movement groups,valued flight movement development;their development of flight strings with connection value was slow,they reduced the use of movements in the“positive/reverse turning arms(hybrid)grip”category;their Adler development was steady,etc.
作者
祝文钢
周曰智
张权
齐莹
韩吉凤
ZHU Wen-gang;ZHOU Yue-zhi;ZHANG Quan;QI Ying;HAN Ji-feng(College of Sports and Art,Shandong Sport University,Jinan 250102,China)
出处
《体育学刊》
CAS
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期135-140,共6页
Journal of Physical Education
关键词
竞赛与训练
东京奥运周期
男子体操
优秀运动员
动作发展
日本
competition and training
Tokyo Olympic cycle
male gymnast
excellent athlete
movement development
Japan
作者简介
祝文钢(1968-),男,副教授,硕士,硕士研究生导师,国际级体操裁判,研究方向:体育教育与运动训练。E-mail:601093326@qq.com。
