摘要
山东青州龙兴寺遗址窖藏出土的佛教造像年代跨越北魏到北宋,距今已有1000—1500年。部分造像表面的贴金彩绘已出现不同程度的脱落和变色现象,为保存文物及其重要信息,利用三维激光扫描和成型技术获取文物的立体图像,制作造像的立体模型;再将光学照相机获取的造像表面信息复原至此立体模型上,实现造像的高保真数字化真彩色信息保存。采用三维视频显微镜、显微拉曼光谱分析、扫描电镜—能谱、偏光显微镜等仪器分析颜料成分、物相以及颜料的涂绘结构;利用色度计测量佛造像表面现存颜料色度,采用相近粒度的相同成分矿物颜料制作相近色度的颜料试块或样块,尝试性开展了23号佛立像色彩重建。在不断完善方法的基础上,对24号菩萨立像虚拟复原和色彩重建。同时积极开展了以文物复原初貌为目标的古代服装复原研究工作,开展菩萨主体着装形制推测、结构分析、材质推断、纹样复原、着装步骤等研究,最终以实物再现方式完成24号菩萨装复原,第一次将圆雕立体彩绘图案转化成可穿着的服装,为佛教造像的服饰复原开辟了新路。
The Buddhist statues unearthed at the Longxing Temple in Qingzhou date from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty. Paints on the statues have partly fallen off or faded. A series of technical procedures, such as three-dimension laser scanning and forming techniques, are applied to the statues out of preservation and restoration concerns. Optical microscope(OM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF), Raman spectroscopy(RM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS) are employed to investigate color pigments, glue and manufacture techniques, the results of which help with reconstructing the restoration recipe. Buddha statue No. 23 has been successfully colored according to its original design and technique, and statue No. 24 has been restored digitally. In addition, costume-rehabilitation research has been carried out towards statue No. 24, which has dressed the Bodhisattva statue in the original costume.
出处
《中原文物》
北大核心
2019年第1期120-127,共8页
Cultural Relics of Central China
关键词
青州龙兴寺
菩萨立像
彩绘分析
虚拟修复
服装复原
色彩重建
Longxing Temple
Bodhisattva statue
Northern Qi Dynasty
pigments analysis
digital restoration
costume replication
color reconstruction
SEM-EDS
作者简介
通讯作者:马清林,博士,山东大学文化遗产研究院教授
