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“电力非洲倡议”与美国对非洲经济政策的调整 被引量:1

The Power Africa Initiative and the Adjustment of American Economic Policy towards Africa
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摘要 2013年6月,时任美国总统奥巴马在南非发布了"电力非洲倡议",作为美国"非洲新战略"的经济核心。通过该倡议,美国明确宣告了将会大举支持本国企业进入非洲基础设施建设和运营领域,攫取非洲经济高速发展所带来的市场机会。该倡议突破了美国在对非外交中对于官方发展援助的高度依赖,还欢迎其他发达国家和国际机构加入。它的提出,一方面是希望扭转美国在非洲经济影响力不断下滑的趋势,通过增加私人投资来降低美国的非洲政策对于发展援助的高度依赖;另一方面,其看似"开放"的各项发展倡议的背后,却隐含着限制中国、印度等新兴市场国家在非洲经济影响力的战略意图。归结来说,"电力非洲"的出台,既是美国被动的应对事态,也是主动的调整政策。随着该倡议的立法化于2016年初完成,美国对非的经济政策也实现了重大调整。《电力非洲法案》与《非洲增长与机会法案》一起形成了美国对非经济政策的两大支柱,必将深刻影响包括中国在内的其他国家与非洲的经济与发展合作。 President Obama announced the Power Africa Initiative(PAI)in June 2013,as the economic centerpiece of the so-called New Africa Strategy.PAI is committed to providing American technical support and capacity building assistance to African governments to help reform their power sectors by leveraging substantial private investment into the construction and operation of electricity infrastructures in the region.The U.S.also welcomes other members of the donors’community and international organizations to join in the initiative.This research systematically analyses the well-programmed initiative and concludes that PAI is designed to provide exclusive competitive advantages for western companies who choose to join in it.With the potential to restrict the fast-growing economic influence of emerging markets in Africa and to enforce cooperation between the U.S.and its traditional allies on African affairs,PAI signifies a historic adjustment of American economic policy towards Africa.
作者 程诚 范志毅 潘文悦 Cheng Cheng;Fan Zhiyi;Pan Wenyue
出处 《区域与全球发展》 2018年第3期18-34,154,共18页 Area Studies and Global Development
关键词 电力非洲倡议 撒哈拉以南非洲 官方发展援助 电力基础设施 美国的非洲政策 Power Africa Initiative Sub-Sahara Africa ODA New Africa Strategy power infrastructure
作者简介 程诚,中国人民大学重阳金融研究院,副研究员,研究方向为发展研究、国际发展和中非关系;范志毅,清华大学-霍普金斯大学联合项目2017级硕士研究生,研究方向为国际发展研究;潘文悦,北京大学国际关系学院政治学系2017级硕士研究生,研究方向为政治学理论。
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