摘要
本文基于中国2005-2015年28个省、市、自治区的省际面板数据,借用空间经济学思想,实证研究了交通基础设施及其跨区域溢出效应对旅游业发展的影响。本文首次从更微观的分行业角度,具体分析其对星级酒店、旅行社及旅游景区三个行业的影响,实证结果表明:(1)交通基础设施投资不仅能带动本地旅游发展,还存在跨区域的正向溢出效应;(2)相邻和周边地区交通基础设施对星级酒店、旅行社、旅游景区的影响不同,相邻地区交通基础设施对三个分行业均存在显著的正向溢出效应,而周边地区交通基础设施仅对旅游景区存在正向溢出效应;(3)交通基础设施的本地效应远大于跨区域的正向溢出效应。
Transportation infrastructure plays an important role in tourism,and it is also an important indicator to measure the development of tourism in a country.On the one hand,transportation infrastructure is an important way by which tourism elements circulate,which is connected with tourism supply,as well as with tourism demand.On the other hand,transportation infrastructure has the resourceful characteristics,which is a necessary condition for the development and construction of tourism resources.As far as the theoretical research is concerned,the domestic and foreign scholars generally consider transportation infrastructure is the important factor,as well as the basic factor,to promote the development of regional tourism.Obviously,conclusions with different indexes and methods are not consistent.There are some literatures considering the past research ignores the spatial factors since the tourism input and output have the obvious cross regional effect.Transportation infrastructure,as the important investment in tourism,also has the regional effect.The relevant research is more concerned about the overall impact of tourism while the empirical analysis based on hotel,travel agencies and scenic spot is few.Therefore,this paper uses the panel data of 28 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions and empirically analyzes the effect of transport infrastructure,as well as the spillover effect,on Chinese tourism,including hotels,travel agencies and tourist attractions,and puts forwards specific policy recommendations for relevant research conclusions.This paper uses the theory of spatial economics and gets the following conclusions.Firstly,the transportation infrastructure has a significant role in promoting the overall development of tourism,not only promoting the local tourism development,but also the adjacent or surrounding areas.Secondly,for the micro tourism industry,the local transportation infrastructure benefits the star hotels and travel agencies,but tourism agencies are not obviously affected.In contrast,the transportation infrastructure in the adjacent areas has obvious positive spillover effect on star hotels,travel agencies and tourism attractions while the transportation infrastructure in the surrounding areas only has the positive spillover effect on tourism attractions,which indicates that the accessibility of traffic in surrounding areas is conductive to the income of local tourism attractions.Thirdly,the local effect of infrastructure transportation is greater than the spillover effect.In recent years,China s transportation infrastructure investment has been strengthened.How to promote the tourism development deserves the further research.Based on the above empirical conclusions,this paper proposes the following recommendations.Firstly,transportation infrastructure has the significant positive effect on tourism development.Government should pay attention to improving the transportation infrastructure.In combined with the local practice,fully investigating and rationally planning the construction of transportation infrastructure.To construct the transportation system and full play the promoting role in tourism development,which is conductive to integration of regional tourism resources and integration development of regional tourism.Secondly,appropriate policy could be introduced according to their own advantages and resource endowments.For areas with star hotels and travels agencies,government should focus on the construction of local transportation infrastructure.For areas with the high quality scenic resources as the core tourism destination priority,government should make full use of traffic facilities in the adjacent or surrounding areas.Relying on the hinterland is advisable to develop the tourism destination.Taking the economy,culture,traffic into consideration,government should choose the hinterland from the adjacent or surrounding areas to establish the strategic partnership.Fully playing the maximum spillover effect through the tourist special train,special plane or special lines.Thirdly,since the traffic infrastructure has regional spillover effect in tourism development,and the local effect of transportation infrastructure is greater than regional spillover effect,strengthening the construction of transportation infrastructure in undeveloped areas can not only promote the tourism development in the region,but also promote the tourism development of surrounding area,which has a positive effect on narrowing the gap between tourism industry development.Taking the limitation of natural environment in western regions,the construction of transportation infrastructure is difficult to a certain extent.It is advisable to introduce the information equipment and technology to make full use of existing resources and conditions to improve the efficiency of traffic infrastructure,and to realize the balanced development of tourism industry.
作者
张茜
赵鑫
ZHANG Xi;ZHAO Xin(Postdoctoral Research Station of the Institute of Quantitative and Technical Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100732,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,102488,China)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期118-133,共16页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
关键词
交通基础设施
溢出效应
旅游业
星级酒店
旅行社
旅游景区
transport infrastructure
spillover effect
tourism industry
hotel
travel agency
scenic spot
作者简介
张茜（1990-），女，山东聊城人，经济学博士，在站博士后，研究领域是技术经济，电子邮箱：zhangxi19901001@sina.cn。通讯作者：张茜;赵鑫（1988-），男，安徽宿州人，博士研究生，研究领域是旅游经济与金融投资，电子邮箱：zhaoxin714@163.com
