摘要
探讨不同熟期玉米品种茎秆特性及机收指标的差异,为黑龙江省哈尔滨市选择熟期适宜的玉米品种提供参考。以不同熟期玉米品种先玉335、鑫鑫2号(晚熟品种)和绥玉23、吉单27(中晚熟品种)为材料,于哈尔滨(第一积温带)展开试验,对其茎秆特性及机收指标进行研究。结果表明,中晚熟品种株高较低,茎节较低,收获时茎秆机械强度更小,茎秆含水量、籽粒含水量均低于晚熟品种,植株整体成熟度更高,籽粒机收质量更好,更适宜机械化收获。相关分析表明,茎秆性状和茎秆、籽粒含水量都会显著影响籽粒机收质量。灰色关联度分析表明,收获时茎秆第3节压碎强度、第7节穿刺强度及茎秆、籽粒含水量与籽粒机收质量关联度最强,影响最大。为保证玉米正常成熟,降低籽粒含水量,提高机收质量,中晚熟品种更适宜在哈尔滨地区种植。
A field experiment was conducted to illustrate the difference of stalk characteristics and grain mechanically harvesting qualities of different maturing-type spring maize,aimed to provide a valuable reference for selection of maturity in Heilongjiang Province.Experiments were conducted in Harbin,Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2(late maturity varieties),Suiyu 23 and Jidan 27(mid-late maturity varieties)were used as experiment materials,which differing in maturities,stalk characteristics and grain mechanically harvesting qualities were analyzed.The results showed that compared with late maturity varieties,mid-late maturity varieties were more mature,plant height was lower,internode was thicker,stalk mechanical strength was smaller at harvest.What′s more,stalk water content and grain water content of mid-late maturity varieties were lower than those of late maturity varieties.And grain mechanically harvesting qualities of mid-late maturity varieties were better,and more suitable for mechanized harvesting.Correlation analysis indicated that stalk characteristics,stalk and grain water content was significantly correlated with grain mechanically harvesting qualities.Gray correlation analysis indicated that crushing strengths of third internode of stalk,puncturing strengths of seventh internode of stalk and stalk,grain water content at harvest had the closest relationship with grain mechanically harvesting qualities.In order to ensure the maturity of maize,reduce the grain water content,improve grain mechanically harvesting qualities,mid-late maturity is suitable for planting at Harbin.
作者
周颖
顾万荣
赵猛
佟桐
刘笑鸣
李彩凤
李晶
魏湜
ZHOU Ying;GU Wanrong;ZHAO Meng;TONG Tong;LIU Xiaoming;LI Caifeng;LI Jing;WEI Shi(College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;The Observation Experiment Station of the Ministry of Agriculture for Crop Cultivation Science in Northeast Area,Harbin 150030,China)
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第A01期140-146,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划"粮食丰产增效科技创新"重点专项(2017YFD0300506)
关键词
熟期
玉米
茎秆
籽粒机收质量
Maturity
Maize
Stalk
Grain mechanically harvesting qualities
作者简介
周颖(1995-),女,黑龙江佳木斯人,在读硕士,主要从事玉米高产栽培技术研究。;顾万荣(1980-),男,江苏仪征人,副研究员,博士,主要从事玉米高产栽培生理生态及其化学调控技术研究。;通讯作者:魏湜(1956-),男,黑龙江哈尔滨人,教授,博士,主要从事作物高产理论与实践、宏观农业研究。
