摘要
结直肠癌作为一种常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,在全世界范围内严重威胁着人类的健康。2017年美国发布了最新的结直肠癌流行病学结果,其数据显示近20年美国的发病率和死亡率持续下降。而根据中国国家癌症中心公布的数据显示中国结直肠癌发病率和死亡率却在不断升高。因此本文通过对比中美两国结直肠癌流行病学特征,分析美国结直肠癌防治过程中采取相应措施,提出具体的策略:I级预防中采取改变生活方式和应用预防性药物;II级预防中重视早期筛查;III级预防中则应提高诊断准确性,制定规范化治疗策略下,结合多学科治疗,加强随访。在宏观方面,则应该从国家层面、社会层面以及个人层面等三个战略层面上深入我国结直肠整体管控和治疗方面认知,进一步探寻具有中国特色的结直肠癌防诊治的新方向。
Colorectal cancer,as a common gastrointestinal cancer,has been threating to human health worldwide.In2017,the United States released the latest colorectal cancer epidemiology.The data show that the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in the United States have been declining in the recent20years.According to the data released by China National Cancer Center,the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in our country are on the rise.Therefore,this article will compare the epidemiological characteristics of colorectal cancer between China and the United States,analyze the corresponding measures taken in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer in the United States,and propose specific strategies:Class I prevention is to change lifestyle and to take preventive drugs;Class II prevention is associated with tumor screening;Class III prevention should improve diagnostic accuracy,formulate and standardize treatment strategy,combine with multidisciplinary treatment,and strengthen follow-up.At the same time,we should deepen our understanding of the overall colorectal control and treatment in three strategic levels:national level,social level and individual level so as to further explore the new direction of prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer with Chinese characteristics.
作者
王锡山
Wang Xishan(Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China)
出处
《中华结直肠疾病电子杂志》
2017年第6期447-453,共7页
Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.81572930)
中国医学科学院肿瘤医院学科带头人奖励基金(No.RC2016003)
中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(No.2016-I2M-1-001)
国家重点研发计划精准医学研究专项(No.2016YFC0905300)
北京市科技计划(No.D171100002617004)
关键词
结直肠癌
流行病学
发病率
死亡率
三级预防
精准医学
Colorectal neoplasms
Epidemiology
Incidence
Mortality
Tertiary prevention
Precision medicine
作者简介
通信作者：王锡山，Email：wxshan1208@126.com
