摘要
随着城市化水平的不断提高,包括上海在内的诸多特大城市地下空间被大量开发使用。在极端天气频发的背景下,城市地下空间设施的安全设防问题至关重要。以典型的地下空间设施——上海中心城区地铁为例,从多情景视角出发,分析评价了上海中心城区地铁暴露性整体状况。研究结果显示:上海中心城区地铁在暴雨内涝灾害中的暴露性程度整体水平不高;娄山关路3号口和上海西站1号口内涝暴露性水平较高,有18个地铁出口处于中等暴露水平,20个地铁出口在暴雨内涝灾害中的暴露性程度相对较小;总体而言,2号线和11号线暴露性最大,8号线和10号线暴露性处于中等水平,1、4、7、9号线暴露性最小。研究结果可为地方政府改善内涝风险管理提供参考依据。
Due to rapid urbanization, most cities in the world like Shanghai have a large number of underground facilities including public transport and commercial facilities such as subway, parks, shopping malls, etc. With the continuous development of underground spaces, the threat of rainstorm waterlogging is increasing. One of the significant components of impacts from rainstorm waterlogging is possibility of damage to underground facilities. Under the background of dramatic increase of extreme weather events, the safety issues of underground spaces against rainstorm waterlogging have become an important aspect of urban safety. The present study focused on subway in Shanghai central urban area, and analyzed the exposure of rainstorm waterlogging on subway based on multiple scenario perspective. Considering a series of impact factors of rainstorm waterlogging in urban area, the present study established a framework for exposure analysis of rainstorm waterlogging on subway through the combination of hydrological modeling and concept model for rainstorm waterlogging affected frequency. The results show that the exposure of subway in Shanghai central urban area was not very high. The total number of subway station exits which might suffer rainstorm waterlogging was only 40.Meanwhile, the number of inundated subway exits presents a remarkable increasing trend as increasing rainstorm intensity. Shanghai West Railway Station exit 1 and Loushanguan Road Station exit 3 have high exposure rank. The number of subway station exits with medium exposure was 18. There were 20 subway station exits, which have low exposure rank. The exposure index(ES) value indicates that there are obvious differences of exposure degree between different subway lines. Overall, Subway line 2 and line 11 belong to high exposure subway line; line 8 and line 10 have medium exposure rank; and line 1, line 4, line 7 and line 9 show low waterlogging exposure. These results will provide reference for the local government to improve waterlogging risk management.
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期471-475,共5页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40730526
41201550
41401600)
教育部人文社科项目(12YJCZH257)资助
关键词
地铁
情景分析
暴露性
暴雨内涝
上海
subway
scenario analysis
exposure
waterlogging
Shanghai
