摘要
目的评价不同冷敷方式对下颌阻生智齿拔除术后肿痛的影响。方法选择2016年l-8月就诊于福建医科大学附属口腔医院颌面外科门诊拔除下颌阻生智齿并予留院观察24h的成年患者64例作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组各32例。对照组采用常规护理＋间断冷敷，试验组采用常规护理＋持续冷敷，均持续24h。冷敷周期内测定局部皮肤温度及疼痛评分，在干预0、6、12、18、24h测量面部肿胀程度。并于拔牙术后第7天复诊。结果在干预6、12、18、24h时间节点，2组的疼痛分值比较差异有统计学意义（F=63．665-290．872，均P〈0．05）。在干预12、18、24h，对照组面部肿胀等级0、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级例数分别为16、14、2、0例，11、13、8、0例，11、12、8、1例；试验组面部肿胀等级0、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级例数分别为27、5、0、0例，26、6、0、0例，26、6、0、0例。2组面部肿胀程度差异有统计学意义（Z=-2．968、-4．017、-4．052，均P〈0．05），肿胀等级与时间存在相关性，肿胀等级随着时间的增加而增大（M^2=45．22，P〈0．05）；在干预6、12、18、24h时间节点，2组的皮肤温度比较差异有统计学意义（肚1735．106～23993．33，均P〈0．05）。结论不同冷敷方式对下颌阻生智齿拔除术后肿痛的影响不同，持续冷敷方式相较于间断冷敷在缓解下颌阻生智齿拔除术后肿痛更具优势，24h的持续冷敷方式值得在临床推广。
Objective To examine the effects of two different cold compress modes （continuous cold compress and intermittent cold compress） on the pain and swelling among patients receiving extraction of impacted tooth of mandibular. Methods From January 2016 to August 2016, 64 cases of adult patients with impacted mandibular impacted wisdom teeth and 24 h in the outpatient department of Oral and Maxillofaeial Surgery of Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Fujian Medical University were selected. They were randomly assigned to the control group and the experimental group （32 cases in each group） by random digital table. The participants in the control group received the usual care plus intermittent cold compress. The participants in the experimental group received the usual care plus continuous cold compress. And the treatment was continued for 24 hours. Outcomes including pain and skin temperature were measured in the intervention cycle, and the swelling was measured at baseline, 6 hour, 12 hours,18 hours, and 24 hours after the intervention. All the participants were asked to have further consultation at 7th days after the operation. Results At 6 hour, 12 hours,18 hours, and 24 hours, the pain of the experimental group was lower than the control group ,and there was significant difference （F=63.665-290.872, P 〈 0.05 ）. At 12 hours,18 hours, and 24 hours after the intervention ,number of the swelling grades （O-Ⅰ- Ⅱ-Ⅲ） in the control group was 16, 14, 2, 0 cases, 11, 13, 8, 0 cases, 11, 12, 8, 1 cases,number of the swelling grades （O-Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ） in the experimental group was 27, 5, 0, 0 cases, 26, 6, 0, 0 cases, 26, 6, 0, 0 cases, and there was significant difference （Z=-2.968,-4.017,-4.052, P〈 0.05）. A positive correlation between swelling grade and time （M^2=45.22, P 〈 0.05）. At 6 hour, 12 hours,18 hours, and 24 hours, the skin temperature of the experimental group was lower than the control group, and there was significant difference （F=1 735.106-23 993.33, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions This study showed that the continuous cold compress was more effective in reducing the pain and swelling among the patients receiving extraction of impacted tooth of mandibular. Compared with the intermittent cold compress, it suggested that continuous cold compress can be integrated into usual care to reduce the pain and swelling among the patients receiving extraction of impacted tooth of mandibular.
作者
汪美凤
罗琼
陈英
肖惠敏
Wang Meifeng;Luo Qiong;Chen Ying;Xiao Huimin(Department of Nursing,Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Fufian Medical University,Fuzhou 350002,China)
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
2018年第28期2205-2211,共7页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
关键词
疼痛
下颌阻生智齿
持续冷敷
间断冷敷
肿胀
Pain
Impacted wisdom teeth
Continuous cold compress
Intermittent coldcompress
Swelling
作者简介
通信作者：罗琼，Email：72apple@163．com
