摘要
目的探讨医院近5年门诊患儿感染肺炎支原体(MP)的耐药性,旨在为临床预防、诊断及治疗肺炎支原体感染疾病提供依据。方法选取2012年1月-2016年12月于医院治疗的社区获得性肺炎患儿的2868例临床资料。观察肺炎支原体感染与患儿年龄、疾病类型、季节分布状况及感染率和对6种抗菌药物的敏感率。结果近5年门诊肺炎支原体感染的人数为1006例,感染率为35.08%,在2012-2016年中,2012年的感染率最低为27.65%,2014年的感染率最高为43.63%,高于2016年感染率35.41%(P<0.05);1~3岁患儿就诊最多,阳性感染率最高为46.48%,0~6个月患儿就诊最少,阳性感染率最低为6.74%,五组间感染阳性率相比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);上呼吸道感染检出率为46.00%,高于下呼吸道感染中肺炎支原体感染检出率为31.96%(P<0.05);春季、夏季、秋季、冬季的阳性检出率分别为28.88%、42.80%、32.18%、36.46%;红霉素、乙酰螺旋霉素、阿奇霉素和克拉霉素在近五年的敏感率呈现逐年下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论 MP是本地区CAP的主要病原体,1~3岁是患儿的高发年龄,夏季为患儿的高发季节,大环内酯类抗菌药物耐药情况较为严峻,耐药性逐渐增加,因此临床应根据药敏结果调整用药,加大针对肺炎支原体感染的防控力度。
OBJECTIVE To explore the drug resistance of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae （MP）infections in the last 5 years, so as to provide the basis for clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment of：MP infections. METHODS The clinical data of 2868 children with community acquired pneumonia treated in our hospital from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2016 were selected. The MP infection rate, age, disease types, seasonal distribution, infectiofi rate and sensitive rate to 6 kinds of antibiotics were observed. RESULTS In the past 5 years, the number of MP infec- tion was 1006, and the infection rate was 35.08%. In 2012- 2016, the infection rate in 2012 was the lowest, which was 30.2%, and the infection rate in 2014 was the highest, which was 43.63%, higher than 35.41% in 2016（P〈0.05）. The number of eases with the highest number of cases Was at the age of 1-3 years, and the highest positive rate was 46.48%, the number of 0--6 months was the least, and the positive ihfection rate Was the lowest of 6. 74%. The differences of positive rate of infection among the five groups were significant （P〈0.05）. The detection rate of upper respiratory tract infection was 46.00 %, higher than 31.96 % of MP infec- tion in lower respiratory tract infection （P〈0.05）. The positive rates of spring, summer, autumn and winter, were 28：88%, 42.80%, 32.18% and 36.46%, respectively. The sensitive rates to erythromycin, acetyl spiramycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin in the last five years showed a declining trend year by year . （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION MP is the main pathogen of CAP in this region, 1 to 3 years old is the high incidence of children, summer is with high incidence for children, drug resistance of macrolide antibacterial is more severe, and its drug resistance gradually increases, so we should adjust the medication according to the results of drug sengitivity and increase the prevention and control of MP infection.
作者
刘可娜
秦翠梅
尚艳梅
LIU Ke-na;QIN Cui-mei;SHANG Yan-mei(Binzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou, Shandong 256613, China)
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期333-335,339,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
滨州市科技局科研基金资助项目(20141203)
关键词
肺炎
支原体感染
耐药性
Pneumonia
Mycoplasma infection
Drug resistance
