摘要
环境规制对技术创新的影响是当前的研究热点,已有大量基于波特假说的实证研究。然而对于弱波特假说、狭义波特假说成立与否,学术界还存在争议。基于2008—2014年中国285个地级市节能减排技术专利申请、综合能源价格、污染物排放等面板数据,采用混合回归模型和系统GMM方法,研究命令型和市场型两类不同环境规制工具对中国节能减排技术创新的影响。结果表明,环境规制对即期技术创新起阻碍作用,滞后一期起促进作用,弱波特假说成立有时间约束条件。滞后一期的命令型规制工具对技术创新的促进作用要大于市场型,狭义波特假说不成立,这与国有企业和公共研究机构是中国节能减排技术创新的主要参与主体有关。分区域看,东部、中部、西部地区命令型规制工具对即期技术创新影响不显著,市场型规制工具起负向作用,中部地区市场型规制工具的负向作用最强,东部地区次之,西部地区最弱,这与区域的能耗水平和市场经济活力相关。研究发现,对于中国城市节能减排技术创新,弱波特假说成立,狭义波特假说不成立,丰富了波特假说的实证研究,并为分区域节能减排政策的制定提供参考。
The impact that environmental regulation has on technology innovation is a hot spot in currently research which already has a large number of empirical studies based on Porter Hypothesis. However there are still controversies in academia about the establishment of weak Porter Hypothesis and narrow Porter Hypothesis. Based on the panel data of application for patent of emission reduction technology of 285 prefectural-level municipalities during 2008-2014,comprehensive energy price,and pollutant emission etc.,we use mixed regression model and systematic GMM method respectively to study the impact that market-oriented policy tool and command-and-control policy tool have on China energy conservation and emission reduction technology innovation. The results show that the environmental regulation hinders the technological innovation at sight however promoting it after lag one issue. So the establishment of weak Porter Hypothesis has time constraints. The lag command-and-control policy tool plays a more positive role in promoting technological innovation than market-oriented policy tool,so narrow Porter Hypothesis couldn't work. The reason is that the main participants of China energy-saving and emission reduction technology innovation are state-owned enterprises and public institutions.Regionally speaking,the impact which command-and-control policy tool has on technological innovation at sight is non-significant in eastern,central and western regions; market-oriented policy tool has negative effect. And market-oriented policy tool in central region has strongest negative effect,it will diminish in eastern region and become weakest in western region. This is related to regional energy consumption level and the market economic vitality. The research firstly finds that the narrow Porter Hypothesis is not suitable for China emission reduction innovation while the weak Porter Hypothesis works,secondly it provides reference for the formulation of regional energy saving and emission reduction policies.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期115-122,共8页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"加快推进生态文明建设研究"(批准号:10ZD&016)
德国科学基金会项目"中国装备制造业自主创新研究"(批准号:LI 981/8-1 AOBJ:595493)
关键词
环境规制
命令型工具
市场型工具
节能减排
技术创新
environmental regulation
command- and-control policy tools
market-oriented tools
emissions reduction
innovation
作者简介
叶琴,博士生,主要研究方向为区域经济和创新网络.E-mail：yeqin-ecnu@qq.com.;通讯作者：曾刚,博士,教授,博导,主要研究方向为生态文明和区域发展模式、产业集群与区域创新研究.E-mailgpngQre.enuedu.cn.
