摘要
目的了解高职教师职业倦怠与社会支持现状,分析职业倦怠与社会支持的关系。方法采用分层随机抽样方法抽取宝鸡市某高职院校教师作为调查对象,采用职业倦怠普适量表(MBI-GS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和自行设计的一般人口学问卷进行调查,采用描述流行病学方法对调查结果进行分析。结果共调查118名教师,其情绪衰竭、玩世不恭和成就感低落3个维度的平均得分分别为(3.44±0.90)、(3.02±0.98)和(3.24±0.79)分,3个维度中度及以上职业怠倦检出率分别为50.85%、32.20%和29.66%。男教师在情绪衰竭方面得分高于女教师(P<0.01);各年龄组在情绪衰竭和玩世不恭方面得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);从事医学类教学的教师在情绪衰竭和玩世不恭方面得分均高于非医学类(P<0.01),在成就感低落方面得分则低于非医学类(P<0.01);不同职称、不同工作年限和年均课时量者3个维度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。年龄≥50岁、高级职称、工龄≥20年的教师获得的社会支持高于其他相应各组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。高职教师职业倦怠与其获得的社会支持呈负相关(r=-0.348^-0.298,P<0.01)。结论宝鸡市高职教师职业倦怠较为严重,该群体获得的社会支持较低,需加强健康教育,采取措施积极全方位提升高职教师的社会支持度。
Objective To understand the current situation of job burnout and social support of higher vocational teachers and analyze the relationship between the job burnout and social support. Methods Teachers were selected from a vocational college in Baoji City for the survey by using stratified random sampling method. The Maslach Burnout Inventory （ MBI-GS）, social support rating scale （ SSRS）, and self-designed general population questionnaire were used for investigation. The data were analyzed by de- scriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 118 teachers were surveyed and their average scores of the three dimensions of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and low sense of achievement were （3.44 _＋ O. 90 ）, （ 3.02 _＋ O. 98 ）, and （ 3.24 _＋ 0.79 ）, respectively. The positive rates of job burnout in three di- mensions were 50.85% , 32.20%, and 29.66%, respectively. The score of emotional exhaustion in male teachers was higher than that in female ones （ P 〈 0. O1 ） ; the average scores of emotional exhaustion and cynicism in different age groups were statistically significant （both P 〈0. O1 ）. Compared with teachers en- gaged in non-medical teaching, teachers engaged in medical teaching had higher scores in emotional ex- haustion and cynicism （ both P 〈 0. O1 ）, but lower score of low sense of achievement（ P 〈 0.01 ） ; different job titles, different working years and average teaching hours per year were all statistically significant（ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈0.01 ）. Teachers aged 50 years and over, with higher job titles, and having over 20-year work- ing experience had more social supports than other corresponding groups（ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. Teachers ＂job burnout and their social support were negatively correlated （ r = -0.348 - -0.298 ,P 〈0.01 ）. Condusion The professional burnout of higher vocational college teachers in Baoji City was more serious and they obtained less social support. It is necessary to strengthen health education and take measures to im- prove the social support for higher vocational teachers.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2017年第5期424-428,共5页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
宝鸡职业技术学院2017年度院级科研课题(2017108Y)
关键词
教师
职业倦怠
社会支持
Teacher
Job burnout
Social support
作者简介
景兴科（1968-），男，大学本科，副教授，主要从事预防医学、卫生保健学的教学工作
