摘要
针对某生物质锅炉高温过热器爆管进行失效分析,采用宏观检查、化学成分分析、金相检测、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(XPS)分析等方式对爆管管段损伤表面的微观组织形貌、腐蚀产物进行分析。分析表明:生物质燃料中碱金属氯化物和硫化物以灰分形式附着在管壁上,在高温条件下与管壁发生反应,生成低熔点共晶物,结构形式为易脱落的针状结构;折焰角处局部烟速较高,爆管附近受烟气气流的强烈冲刷,迎风侧管壁腐蚀产物脱落,新的腐蚀反应继续进行,管壁厚度不断减薄;磨损与腐蚀共同作用导致了爆管的发生。
A failure analysis was conducted of the tube rupture in the high temperature superheaters of a biomass boiler. Such methods as macroscopic inspection,chemical composition analysis,metallurgical inspection and testing,SEM( scanning electron microscope) and energy spectrum( XPS,X-ray photoelectron spectrum) analysis etc. were adopted to conduct an analysis of the microscopic morphology and corrosion products formed on the surface of the tube ruptured. It has been found that the alkali metal chlorides and sulfides in the biomass fuel will be attached on the tube walls in the form of ashes and at high temperatures,will be reacted with the tube walls to produce eutectic matters with low melting points,which will be needle-shaped in structure and easy to peel off. A relatively high flow speed of the flue gases will result at the location of the furnace arch and places nearing the tube ruptured will be subjected to a violent sweeping of the gas flow,leading to a falling-off of the corrosion products from the windward tube walls. As new corrosion reactions keep on,the thickness of the tube walls will become thin ceaselessly.Finally,the joint action of the wear and corrosion will result in a tube rupture.
出处
《热能动力工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期128-131,共4页
Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power
关键词
生物质锅炉
高温过热器
腐蚀
碱金属氯化物
失效分析
biomass-fired boiler
high temperature superheater
corrosion
wear
alkali metal chloride
failure analysis
作者简介
周振华（1985-），男，浙江江山人，衢州市港航管理局工程师．
