摘要
在相对主义的文化语境中,"民族"概念呈现出不确定性的内涵。当人类历史进入到后民族国家的阶段,民族的实体与虚体的二元对立就被打破了,人们必须对描述文化、社会、国家的知识体系重新进行调整,回应历史带给我们的现实问题。在20世纪大陆民族学、人类学的研究系谱里,建立民族国家的政治过程使得民族获得了确定性的内涵。然而,20世纪后半叶族群理论的兴起又在不断挑战、解构这一"确定性",实体论与建构论再度进入对立的状态。从费孝通"多元一体"的思考角度出发,我们能够同时超越实体论与建构论,在关照历史的前提下,从整体的中华文明出发,思考当下"中华民族"的内在逻辑。
In the context of cultural relativism,the concept of minzu in Chinese implies diverse and uncertain connotations.In the post-nation-state era,the dualism between the real and virtual essence of minzu has collapsed,requiring scholars to adjust our conceptual systems about cultures,societies and states in responding to practical issues.In reviewing the ethnological and anthropological studies in China's Mainland in the 20th century,we see that the political process of Chinese nation-state building has specified the concept of nationality in a solid way,which was further challenged and deconstructed by a variety of theories on ethnic-groups in the second half of the20th century generating a new dualism between the ontological and constructionist perspectives.Based on the theory of Pluralistic Unity of the Chinese Nation by Fei Xiaotong,this article proposes to go beyond such dualism so as to explore the internal logic of the Chinese Nation embedded in Chinese civilizations and histories and in the contemporary world.
出处
《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期113-124,共12页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目"人类学视角下的现代中国公共记忆与民族认同"(13ZAD099)
作者简介
麻国庆，中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院教授（北京100081）
