摘要
旨在评价南方4种经济作物副产品及3种暖季型牧草的营养价值,开发新的饲料资源。试验采用单因素设计,通过体外产气法对14种样品进行评定,主要测定096 h的产气量,24 h发酵液的挥发性脂肪酸产量、氨态氮、微生物蛋白浓度、pH值以及体外干物质消化率。结果表明:木薯叶的粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量显著高于其他经济作物副产品及牧草(P<0.05);产气量方面从大到小依次,经济作物副产品是柚子皮>木薯淀粉渣>木薯叶>薏米秸秆,而牧草则是象草(印尼引进)>皇竹草>高丹草;柚子皮和木薯淀粉渣的理论产气量显著高于其他经济作物副产品及牧草;柚子皮的乙酸、丙酸、异戊酸、戊酸及总挥发酸显著大于其他经济作物副产品及牧草(P<0.05);氨态氮含量最高的是象草(印尼引进),且与其他经济作物副产品及牧草相比差异显著(P<0.05);pH值和微生物蛋白无显著差异(P>0.05)。本试验选用的南方经济作物副产品及牧草的粗蛋白与粗脂肪含量适宜,微生物活性高,易消化,能够提供反刍动物所需要的能量,适合作为反刍动物的粗饲料来源。且经济作物副产品中柚子皮的营养价值最高,其次是木薯淀粉渣、木薯叶和薏米秸秆;而牧草中依次为象草(印尼引进)、皇竹草、高丹草。
This paper aimed to evaluate the nutritional value of 4 kinds of economic crop byproducts and 3 kinds of warm-season forage grown in southern China to provide basis to develop new feed resources. In vitro gas production was used according to a single factor design and 14 kinds of samples for evaluation. The gas production during 0-96 h, and volatile fatty acid, ammonia nitrogen, microbial protein con- centration, pH and the in vitro dry matter digestibility at 24 h was evaluated. The results showed that the crude protein and crude fat content of cassava leaf was significantly higher than that in other economic crop byproducts and forage （P〈0. 05 ）. For gas production of economic crop byproducts, the orders from big to small were pornelo peel 〉 cassava starch residue 〉 cassava leaves 〉 semen coieis straw, and for the grass, elephant grass （Indonesia introduction） 〉 emperor bamboo grass〉 jean grass. Pomelo peel and cassava starch residue theory of gas production rate was significantly higher than that of other economic crop byproducts and pasture （P〈0. 05）. Pomelo peel of acetic acid, pro- pionic acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid and total volatile acid was significantly greater than that of other economic crop byproducts and herb- age （P〈0. 05）. Ammonia nitrogen content of elephant grass （Indonesia introduced） was significantly higher compared with other economic crop byproducts and forage （P〈0. 05）. While, there were no significant differences in pH values and microbial protein levels among treat- ments （P 〉 0. 05）. Together, Southern economic crop byproducts and forage used in this study were relatively high in the crude protein and crude fat contents, good activity in microbial activity, easy to digest and proper energy needed for the ruminants. In addition, pomelo peel has the highest nutritional value, followed by cassava starch residue, cassava leaves and semen coicis straw. The elephant grass forage （In- donesia introduction） was superior to the emperor bamboo grass and jean.
出处
《畜牧与兽医》
北大核心
2017年第4期33-39,共7页
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
行业性公益项目(201403049)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201303143)
关键词
经济作物副产品
暖季型牧草
体外产气
瘤胃发酵
干物质消化率
economic crop byproducts
warm-season forage
in vitro gas production
rumen fermentation
digestibility of dry matter
作者简介
李文娟（1990-），女，硕士研究生
通信作者：刁其玉，博导，研究方向为反刍动物营养与饲料科学，E-mail：diaoqiyu@cans．cn
