摘要
本研究构建了汉语儿童(0~42个月)三词句的依存句法标注语料库,对依存类型、依存关系和平均依存距离等句法属性进行了定量分析。结果表明:支配词居中的平均依存距离为1的三词句最易习得,其他类型句子的平均依存距离为1.5,其习得难度随着依存结构的复杂程度不同而不同;谓语在各年龄段占比例最大,其次是宾语、主语和状语,定语和补语比较接近;儿童三词句中存在许多缺乏主语或宾语的非完整句;S-V-O是儿童三词句的主要句子结构模型;儿童三词句中,绝大部分句子符合汉语基本语序规则,有少量词序变动句和语序错误的句子。
This paper constructs an annotated corpus of 0-3. 6-year-old Chinese children＇s three-word sentences and studies the syntactic features including dependency structure, dependency relation and average dependency distance through quantitative analysis. The findings show that the three-word sentences with the governor in the middle, and with the average dependency distance of 1 is the easiest to acquire. The average dependency distance of other sentences is 1.5, and the difficulty of acquisition varies in accordance with the complexity of dependency structure. Predicates account for the largest percentage in the sentences of all ages, followed by objects, subjects, adverbials, and attributes and complements. There are lots of sentences without subjects or objects, and S- V-O is the main sentence structure. The majority of the three-word sentences conform to the basic order of Chinese words, except for some sentences with order changes or word mistakes.
作者
李辉
刘海涛
LI Hui LIU Haitao
出处
《语言文字应用》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期107-116,共10页
Applied Linguistics
基金
浙江省教育厅一般项目(Y201534787)的资助
关键词
依据语法
依存类型
依存关系
平均依存距离
词序
dependency grammar
dependency structure
dependency relation
average dependency distance
word order
作者简介
李辉，浙江大学宁波理工学院外国语学院讲师，浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院博士生，研究领域为应用语言学；
刘海涛，浙江大学求是特聘教授，博导，浙江大学宁波理工学院外国语学院领航教授，研究领域为计量语言学、依存语法等。
