摘要
目的调查呼和浩特市脑卒中高危人群以及危险因素暴露情况,为脑卒中的防治提供科学依据。方法整群随机抽样方法,抽取呼和浩特市2个社区,对该区域≥40岁常住居民6018例进行筛查,其中男性2901例,女性3117例,包括问卷调查和体格检查。筛选高危人群进一步检测血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）和行颈部血管彩超检查。结果本次筛查6018例中,高危人群1272例（短暂性脑缺血发作9例,脑卒中危险因素≥3个1263例）,检出率21.14%,其中男性515例,女性757例。按年龄分组,高危人群分布40-49岁组178例（10.61%）、50-59岁组387例（23.66%）、60-69岁组460例（31.10%）、70-79岁组217例（24.80%）、≥80组30例（8.57%）。以60-69岁组脑卒中高危人群比例最高。1272例脑卒中高危人群中,各危险因素暴露率从高至低分别为超重或肥胖59.04%、缺乏锻炼57.47%、高血压50.39%、吸烟46.38%、血脂异常20.20%、脑卒中家族史7.55%、糖尿病5.42%和房颤0.47%。脑卒中高危人群（1272例）再次依据年龄不同分组,其中60-69岁高危组危险因素暴露率最高。颈部血管彩超检查发现颈动脉内膜-中层增厚551例（43.32%）,有斑块者483例（37.97%）,动脉狭窄者33例,分别为轻度狭窄31例（2.44%）,重度狭窄和闭塞2例（0.16%）,无狭窄205例（16.11%）。筛查出的1272例,高Hcy比例达到54.17%,其中70-79岁高危组高Hcy比例达71.89%。结论呼和浩特市脑卒中高危人群危险因素暴露水平较高,应采取积极措施,提倡健康生活方式,加强锻炼,有效控制体重、血压和吸烟。
Objective To survey the high-risk population of stroke and exposure scenarios of risk factors in Hohhot and provide scientific evidence for preventing and treating stroke. Methods The permanent residents（aged≥40, n=6018, male 2901 and female 3117） were chosen from 2 communities in Hohhot and screened by using cluster random sampling method, and then given questionnaire and physical examination. The screened high-risk population was further given detection of plasma homocysteine（Hcy） and carotid vessel color ultrasound examination. Results Among 6018 cases, 1272 were high-risk cases（9 of transient ischemic attack and 1263 with 3 or more stroke risk factors）, and detection rate was 21.14% including 515 male and 757 female cases. According to age, 178 cases（10.61%） in 40-49 group, 387（23.66%） in 50-59 group, 460（31.10%） in 60-69 group, 217（24.80%） in 70-79 group, 30（8.57%） in aged≥80 group, and high-risk percentage was the highest in 60-69 group. Among 1272 cases of high-risk population, the exposure rates of risk factors were as follows in a descending order： overweight or obesity accounted for 59.04%, lack of exercise, 57.47%, hypertension, 50.39%, smoking, 46.38%, dyslipidemia, 20.20%, family history of stroke, 7.55%, diabetes, 5.42% and atrial fibrillation, 0.47%. The highrisk population（n=1272） was grouped one more time according to age, and the exposure rate of risk factors was the highest in 60-69 high-risk group. The results of carotid vessel color ultrasound examination showed that 551（43.32%） with thickened carotid artery intima-media thickness, 483（37.97%） with plaques, 33 with artery stenosis including 31（2.44%） with mild stenosis and 2（0.16%） with severe stenosis and occlusion, and 205（16.11%） without stenosis. In screened 1272 high-risk cases, the percentage of high Hcy cases accounted for 54.17%, and 71.89% in 70-79 high-risk group. Conclusion The exposure level of risk factors is higher in stroke high-risk population in Hohhot. The positive measures should be taken, such as healthy life style and more exercises for controlling body weight, blood pressure and smoking.
出处
《中国循证心血管医学杂志》
2016年第12期1455-1457,共3页
Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Cardiovascular Medicine
基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2014MS0803)
关键词
脑卒中
筛查
危险因素
Stroke
Screening
Risk factors
作者简介
通讯作者：朱润秀,E-mail：Zhurunxiu@163.com
