摘要
中国和越南都曾经流行过在除夕举行驱傩的习俗。根据现存的史料，可以判断这种习俗源自中国，最早可追溯到夏代（公元前19世纪）。东汉之后、唐朝之前，这种习俗传人越南。在中国，岁末驱傩曾经是礼制的一个重要组成部分，被遵为“傩礼”，自夏商周至汉唐宋，一直为宫廷所沿袭。宋以后宫廷傩礼逐渐式微，民间驱傩活动也日趋沉寂。在越南，除夕驱傩盛行于李、陈朝（公元11-14世纪）的宫廷，之后不见于典籍记载，民间驱傩活动直至公元19世纪初仍存在，但亦在公元20世纪初基本消失了。中越的除夕驱傩习俗虽然都已成为历史，但它们的一些内容和仪式，以另一种形式融入其它习俗之中，传承至今，成为今天需要探究和保护的非物质文化遗产。
Both China and Vietnam have used to custom of 'Qu Nuo'( D rive Nuo) i n the New Year's eve. According to the historical data,this custom originated in China,dating back to the Xia Dynasty. After the Han Dynasty and before the Tang Dynasty,it was introduced into Vietnam with the spread of Chinese culture. In China,year- end Drive Nuo was once an important part of the ritual,was honored as ' Nuo Li '( Nuo Ritual). It was been followed by the court since the Xia Dynasty to the Song Dynasty. After the Song dynasty,the Nuo Li in court was gradually declined,and folk Qu Nuo activity was also silence. In Vietnam,the custom of Qu Nuo in the New Year's eve was prevalent in the court of the Li,Chen(11- 14 th century) D ynasty,and than missing book records. But the folk Qu Nuo activities still existed until the early 19 th century,largely disappeared in the early 20 th century. The Qu Nuo custom has become history,but some of their content and the ceremony has been preserved or converted into another form into other customs until now,and become a non- material cultural heritage in today.
出处
《东南亚南亚研究》
2016年第4期76-80,共5页
Southeast Asia & South Asian Studies
基金
2014年度国家社科基金西部项目<中国与越南跨境民族节日习俗研究>(14XMZ109)的阶段性成果
关键词
驱傩
中国
越南
除夕
源流
Qu Nuo
Custom
China
Vietnam
Origin
作者简介
韦凡州（1984～），女，广西民族大学东南亚语言文化学院越南语系讲师。
