摘要
目的了解北京市顺义区5岁以下婴幼儿家长对手足口病认知情况及EV71疫苗接种意愿,为手足口病防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用随机抽样对免疫接种门诊的5岁以下婴幼儿家长进行面对面问卷调查,共调查611名婴幼儿家长。结果调查结果显示,手足口病的传播途径及预防措施知晓率较高,对于少数患者可出现无菌性脑膜炎等重症表现(20.95%)知晓率很低。仅51.06%婴幼儿家长知晓EV71是手足口病的病原体,对于其他病原体知晓率更低。手足口病防治知识知晓率主要受免疫接种门诊级别、户籍类型及文化程度影响。家长对EV71疫苗的认知度不高,但EV71疫苗接种意愿较高,74.14%的家长愿意为孩子接种EV71疫苗,其中74.43%希望作为第一类疫苗由政府免费提供;25.86%的家长不愿意给孩子接种EV71疫苗,不愿接种原因主要为担心疫苗不安全(58.23%)。家长是否愿意为孩子接种手足口病疫苗主要受孩子年龄、文化程度及家庭收入影响。结论今后开展手足口病防治知识健康教育需有针对性;今后应加强EV71疫苗相关知识宣教,加大对疫苗安全性、保护效果的宣传力度。
Objective To understand the cognition of hand-foot-mouth disease and EV71 vaccination intention of the parents（ infants under 5 years old） in Shunyi District,Beijing,so as to provide a basis for HFMD prevention and control. Methods Random sampling method was applied,face to face questionnaire survey was performed for 611 parents of infants under 5 years old. Results The results showed that the awareness rate of HFMD＇s transmission and preventive measures was relatively high,while the awareness rate of the rare occurrence of aseptic meningitis（ 20. 95%） was much lower. Only 51. 06% parents knew that EV71 was the pathogen of HFMD,and the awareness of other pathogens was also much lower. The awareness rate of HFMD＇s prevention and treatment was mainly influenced by the level of immunization clinics,the type of household registration and the educational degree. Although the parents＇ awareness of EV71 vaccine was not high enough,their willingness to have their children being EV71 vaccinated was high.74. 14% of the parents wished to have EV71 vaccination,of which 74. 43% hoped this vaccination would be provided by the government free of charge. Still,there were 25. 86% parents not willing to have their children being inoculated with EV71,out of safety concern（ 58. 23%）. Parents ＇ willingness of accepting HFMD vaccination was mainly affected by children age,parents ＇education level and family income. Conclusion The education on the control of HFMD should be targeted. Health education on the knowledge related to EV71 vaccination should be strengthened,safety and protective effect should be emphasized.
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2016年第5期25-28,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
作者简介
李红霞，本科，医师，主要从事手足口病等传染病防控工作
