摘要
企业对外直接投资是经营活动的跨国转移,是"创造"还是"转移"了本国就业?针对该问题,本文利用我国2005—2007年1016家有对外直接投资的工业企业数据,运用数据匹配和倍差法(DID)检验了企业对外直接投资的"就业效应"。经过检验有如下发现:第一,对外直接投资总体促进了企业在本国就业的增长;第二,与其他投资动机比,商贸服务类投资显著促进了企业在本国就业的增长;第三,对高收入国家投资显著促进了企业在本国就业的增长,而对中低收入国家的投资并没有明显替代本国就业;第四,企业对外直接投资的"就业效应"先上升后下降,呈现倒"U"型趋势。研究表明,目前我国企业大规模对外直接投资可能"创造"了国内就业。
Multinationals usually expand operations abroad. Does they create home employment or destroy home employment. In this paper, using the data from 1016 manufacturing firms which have outward direct investment in other countries from 2005 to 2007, and applying the matching method and different-in-different, we investigate the effect of ODI. The results suggest that ODI generally creates jobs for the firms at home country. There is much stronger creation when the ODI is for business service and in high-income countries. The employment effect presents the shape of inverse ＂U＂. In summary, the large-scale outward direct investment from Chinese firms may have created home employment.
出处
《统计研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第8期55-62,共8页
Statistical Research
关键词
对外直接投资
就业
马氏距离匹配
倍差法
Outward Direct Investment
Employment
Mahalanobis Matching
Different-in-Different
作者简介
蒋冠宏，男，2014年毕业于南开大学经济学院，获经济学博士学位，现为厦门大学经济学院国际经济与贸易系副教授。研究方向为跨国公司与国际直接投资、应用微观计量。
