摘要
已有的勘探证实有机孔是页岩主要的储集空间,研究有机孔的发育特征及影响因素是页岩气勘探的重要内容。通过对相关文献进行系统分析,探讨了有机孔演化的过程及控制因素,并进一步总结了有机质对页岩储层的溶蚀性、含水性和脆性的影响。研究表明:有机孔的发育是高成熟度、较好类型的有机质和易生烃的显微组分共同作用的结果;已形成的有机孔受压实、过成熟碳化以及基质沥青充填等作用的破坏,不利于有机孔的保存;有机质对页岩储层的改造体现在有机质热演化过程中产生的酸性流体溶蚀长石、白云石等矿物形成溶蚀孔,有机孔吸纳水分降低吸附能力,以及高有机质含量造成页岩韧性增强不利于压裂改造等方面。提出了研究方向:根据中国复杂的陆相、海陆过渡相、海相页岩气储层及成藏条件的差异,在今后的研究中应加强不同沉积相页岩有机质类型和显微组成的研究,分析其对有机孔发育的影响,定量化研究有机孔对页岩储集物性的贡献,以及明确有机孔的主要赋存载体。
Previous explorations demonstrate that the shale reservoir space is mainly contributed by organic pore and one of the most significant aspects in shale gas exploration is to investigate the development and its influencing factors of organic pore. Detailed and comprehensive literature review is completed to discuss the evolution and controlling factors of organic pore and further summarize the effects of organic matter on reservoir dissolution,aquosity and brittleness. Research shows that organic pore development mainly results from the combined interaction of favorable organic matter with high maturity and maceral with prone hydrocarbon-generation. The developed organic pores are hard to be preserved due to the damage of compaction,over-mature carbonization and bitumen filling in matrix. The transformations of organic matter on shale reservoir include the development of dissolved pores due to the dissolution of acid fluid that produced during the thermal evolution of organic matter on feldspar,dolomite and other minerals,organic pore absorbs moisture and reduces adsorption capacity,and the toughness increased by high organic matter content is unfavorable to shale reservoir stimulation. According to the complex continental transitional and marine shale gas reservoirs and their differences in hydrocarbon accumulation,the types of organic matter and maceral compositions of shales with different sedimentary facies should be further investigated in the next stage to analyze their effects on organic pore development,quantitatively identify the contribution of organic pore to reservoir space and study the major occurrence carriers of organic pore.
出处
《特种油气藏》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期7-13,151,共7页
Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs
基金
国家"973"项目"中国南方古生界页岩气赋存机理和资源潜力评价"04课题"深层页岩气储集物性及含气性研究"(2012CB214704)
国家自然科学基金"我国南方古生界高过成熟页岩吸附特征与页岩含气性评价"(41273058)
国家油气重大专项"深层高成熟烃源岩的容烃与排烃评价"(2011ZX05008-002-20)
关键词
页岩储层
有机孔
有机质特征
溶蚀作用:脆性指数
shale reservoir
organic pore
organic matter properties
dissolution
brittleness index
作者简介
曹涛涛（1987-），男，工程师，2009年毕业于兰州大学地质学专业，2014年毕业于广州地球化学研究所地球化学专业，获博士学位，现主要从事页岩气储集物性及含气性研究。
