摘要
γ-聚谷氨酸是一种由L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸通过脱水缩合而成的聚合物,为一种极具开发潜力的生物可降解高分子材料,其分子呈直链状,含有大量酰胺键和可游离的羧基,具有良好的延展性、柔韧性、生物相容性、黏着性、稳定性与吸水性等特点。因其分子中谷氨酸聚合度的差异较大,所以γ-聚谷氨酸的相对分子质量分布范围较广,可为10万至200万不等,不同相对分子质量的γ-聚谷氨酸性质迥然不同,应用也千差万别,领域涉及化妆品、食品、母婴用品、农业、临床治疗、地质研究及地震分析与预测。主要介绍了γ-聚谷氨酸的研究经历与生产方法的改进过程,阐述了其结构特点及与之对应的理化性质,概述了其物理诱变、化学诱变及基因改造等育种方法,总结了其不同相对分子质量对应的应用范围及新发掘的应用领域,并提出了其目前存在的问题与改进方案,并对其未来的发展方向做出了展望。
Poly-γ-glutamic acid is the polymer condensed by L-glutamic acid and D-glutamic acid, which is a kind of biodegradable polymer material with greatly development potential. Its molecule is a straight chain with a lot of amide bonds and free carboxyls and has a series of good characteristics such as ductility, flexibility,biocompatibility,viscosity,stability and strong water absorption. Because of its widen molecular glutamate polymerization degree,the molecular weight distribution of poly-γ-glutamic acid is relatively wide from 100 000 to 2 million. The nature characteristics of poly-γ-glutamic acid with different molecular weight are different which introduces its wide application fields,such as food,material and child supplies,agriculture,clinical treatment,geological research and earthquake analysis and prediction. The present study aimed to introduce the poly-γ-glutamic acid research experience and method for production process improvement and elucidate its structural characteristics and the corresponding physical and chemical properties. The physical mutagenesis,chemistry mutagenesis and gene transformation breeding method,the new application domain and the corresponding application scope of poly-γ-glutamic acid with different molecular weight were also summarized.Finally,the problems existing in the present situation and the improvement scheme and a prospect for poly-γ-glutamic acid future development direction were pointed out.
出处
《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第2期117-122,128,共7页
Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition
基金
河南省产学研合作项目(132107000061)
关键词
Γ-聚谷氨酸
高分子
生物相容性
菌种选育
poly-γ-glutamic acid
macromolecular
biocompatibility
strain breeding
作者简介
王卫国（1962-），男，河南汝州人，教授，研究方向为生物工程与生物制药。
