摘要
采用改进后的开顶式气室(OTC),大田原位模拟温度升高2℃和CO_2浓度增加60μL·L^(-1)的未来气候情景,观测其对湖北地区早稻植株全氮、土壤氮素及产量的影响。试验设置对照(CK)、增温(增2℃,IT)、增CO_2(增60μL·L^(-1),IC)以及增温+CO_2(增2℃+增60μL·L^(-1),IT+IC)4个处理,3次重复,随机区组排列,对早稻各生育期植株全氮含量、土壤NH_4^+-N和NO_3--N含量以及产量构成进行监测。结果表明:(1)温度和CO_2浓度升高以及二者同增会增加早稻生育早期(特别是分蘖期)植株体内全氮含量,分蘖期以后各处理间差异不显著,籽粒全氮含量差异亦不显著;土壤NH_4^+-N含量与植株全氮变化规律类似,在早稻生育早期,温度和CO_2浓度升高以及二者同增会增加土壤NH_4^+-N含量,分蘖期以后各处理间差异不显著;(2)温度升高使拔节期、成熟期土壤NO_3--N含量降低,抽穗期土壤NO_3--N含量增加;CO_2浓度增加会提高拔节期、成熟期,降低抽穗期土壤NO_3--N含量;(3)CO_2浓度升高,早稻增产13.4%,与CK差异极显著(P<0.01),而单独增温或增温+增CO_2处理早稻产量与CK差异不显著。
Using a modified open-top chamber（OTC）method to simulate relative 60μL·L^（-1） CO_2 concentration increment and 2℃ temperature rise scenario in early rice field to study their impacts on the plant total nitrogen, soil N concentration and yield in Hubei. The experimental design consisted of four treatments arranged in randomized blocks and three replicates. Treatments were as follows：（1）the control OTC（CK, ambient CO_2 concentration and temperature）,（2）elevated air temperature by 2℃（IT）,（3）elevated CO_2 concentration by 60μL·L^（-1）（IC）,（4）air temperature increase by 2℃ plus 60μL·L^（-1） CO_2 concentration elevated（IT＋IC）. Surveyed the plant total nitrogen content, soil ammonium nitrogen, soil nitrate nitrogen, yield and yield components of early rice. The results showed that：（1）there was a significant increase on the plant total nitrogen content during the early growth periods（especially during tillering） when atmospheric temperature and CO_2 concentration rose alone and the two of them rose synchronously, but there were no obvious differences after tillering, so did the soil ammonium nitrogen.（2）Elevated temperature had a significant decrease on nitrate nitrogen content during jointing, maturity stage, and it would increase heading stage＇s, while it would have a positive effect on nitrate nitrogen during jointing, maturity stage, and have a negative impact on it when CO_2 concentration elevated.（3）Compared to the control, there was a significant increase on early rice grain yield by 13.4% when CO_2 concentration rose, while there were no differences when only temperature rose or CO_2 concentration elevated alone.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期231-237,共7页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103039)
国家"973"计划项目(2010CB951302)
关键词
开顶式气室
温度
CO2浓度
土壤铵态氮
硝态氮含量
产量构成
Open-top chamber
Temperature
CO2 concentration
Soil ammonium nitrogen
Soil nitrate nitrogen
Yield components
作者简介
蔡威威（1990-），硕士生，主要研究方向为气候变化。E-mail：caiweiwei2014@sina．com
