摘要
通过大田对比试验，研究了硅肥对玉米和大豆光合特性及产量形成的影响。结果表明：施用硅肥明显提高叶色值，延缓叶片衰老进程；硅肥可提高两种作物对强光与弱光的利用能力，并且提高叶片光能利用效率、叶片最大净光合速率、光饱和点和光补偿点，但施用硅肥后却降低了其叶片水分利用效率；两种作物产量对硅肥响应存在明显差异，施用硅肥增加了玉米穗粗、粒深、穗行数、行粒数，抑制了秕粒的形成，但施用硅肥降低了大豆单株生物量、有效分枝数、经济系数，增加了子粒虫食率；施用硅肥后显著增加了玉米产量，增产幅度达16．5％～25．7％，大豆则略微减产，但差异未达到显著水平。
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of silicon fertilizer on maize or soybean photo- synthetic characteristics and yield. The results showed that silicon fertilizer significantly increased the SPAD value, and hence delayed senescence. Silicon fertilizer enhanced the utilization of strong sunlight and weak sunlight by maize or soybean, and improved light use efficiency of leaf, the maximum net photosynthetic rate, light compensation point, light saturation point. However, the application of silicon fertilizer reduced its water use efficiency. The re- sponse of yield to the silicon fertilization was significantly different between maize and soybean. In maize, the appli- cation of silicon fertilizer increased the ear diameter, kernel depth, rows per ear, grain number per row, and inhibited the formation of flat grain, while the silicon fertilizer reduced the soybean plant biomass, number of effective bran- ches, economic coefficient,while significantly increased the grain herbivory rates. The maize yield was increased by 16.5% -25.7% ,but soybean was slightly decreased with the application of silicon fertilizer.
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第6期136-140,共5页
Crops
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503116
2013-03130)
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAD16B14)
关键词
玉米
大豆
硅肥
产量
净光合速率
Maize
Soybean
Silicon fertilizer
Yield
Net photosynthetic rate
作者简介
田平，硕士研究生，从事玉米高产栽培工作
马立婷为共同第一作者，硕士研究生，从事玉米高产栽培工作
