摘要
目的研究住院患者泌尿道感染病原菌构成特点和耐药性,为感染防控和合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法通过回顾性分析方法,对某医院住院患者泌尿道感染病原学标本检测阳性结果及药敏监测资料进行分析。结果该医院住院患者泌尿道感染病原菌中,革兰阴性菌占50.98%,革兰阳性菌占43.41%,真菌占5.61%。以大肠埃希菌和粪肠球菌分居前2位。泌尿道分离的病原菌除真菌外,对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药率均在40%以上,且出现了碳青霉烯类耐药菌株。泌尿道感染粪肠球菌对多数抗菌药的耐药率在75%以上,且出现了耐万古霉素菌株。部分真菌对氟脲嘧啶的耐药率达到70%以上。结论住院患者泌尿道感染病原菌以大肠埃希菌和粪肠球菌为主,耐药现象严重,出现耐碳青霉烯类和万古霉素菌株,应重点加强监测和药敏试验。
Objective To study the etiology and its drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infection of inpa-tients,so as to provide evidences for prevention and control of nosocomial infection and rational drug selection. Methods The retrospective analysis was used to analyze the positive pathogens and drug sensitivity test results collected from patho-genic specimen of inpatients with urinary tract infections in a hospital from April 2011 to April 2014. Results Gram nega-tive bacilli was the major pathogen causing inpatients urinary tract infection,accounted for 50. 98%,Gram positive bacteria took the second place,accounted for 43. 41%,then was the fungi,accounted for 5. 61%. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were the top two in detected pathogens. Drug resistance of major detected Gram negative bacilli and Gram positive bacteria to majority of anti-infectious drug were above 40%,and there were Enzyme alkenes hydrocarbon resistant strains. The resistance rate of Enterococcus faecalis to most Antimicrobial drug were above 75%,and 5% of Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to Vancomycin and Linezolid. The resistance rate of some strains of fungi was more than 70%. Conclusion Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis are the main pathogens causing inpatients urinary tract infection and their drug re-sistance is serious. There are emergence of Enzyme alkenes hydrocarbon resistant strains and Vancomycin resistant strains, so we should strengthen the monitoring and drug sensitivity test.
出处
《中国消毒学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第8期763-765,768,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disinfection
基金
湖北省教学科学"十二五"规划项目(2012B083)
关键词
泌尿道感染
病原菌
抗菌药物
耐药性
urinary tract infection
pathogen
antibacterial drug
drug resistance
作者简介
薛菊兰（1967-），女,湖北荆州人，大学本科，主任护师，副教授，现主要从事医院感染监测工作。
[通讯作者]何小玲，Email：416577591@qq．com
