摘要
为探索长期不同施肥对(土娄)土微生物群落多样性的影响及其机制,以"国家黄土肥力与肥料效益监测基地"的24a长期定位试验为基础,采用末端限制性片段长度多态性分析技术(T-RFLP),结合其他常规分析,研究(土娄)土不施肥(CK)和3种常用施肥方式[单施氮肥(N)、平衡施化肥(NPK)、高量有机无机肥配施(M2)]对土壤主要化学性状及细菌群落多样性的影响。结果表明,3种施肥方式均对土壤主要化学性质影响显著,其中施M2能明显改善土壤肥力;与CK处理相比,M2和NPK处理的土壤微生物量碳质量分数和微生物量氮质量分数显著增加,而N处理无显著变化;N处理的Shannon指数和Evenness指数较CK处理分别显著降低6.1%、5.8%,施NPK和M2有利于维持土壤微生物丰富度和均匀度。M2处理对(土娄)土微生物群落结构有积极影响,而N处理效果相反。RDA分析表明,与CK处理相比,N和M2处理土壤细菌群落结构发生显著变化,且M2处理变化程度较大。长期不同施肥可对(土娄)土细菌群落结构产生显著影响,土壤主要化学性状的改变是其主要原因。总之,NPK和M2处理都能较好地维持(土娄)土微生物生态系统。
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of long-term different fertilization on soil microbial community diversity and its mechanism in an anthropogenic Lou soil.Based on a longterm fertilization experiment（24years）on ＂National Monitoring Base of Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency on Loess Soil＂in Yangling,Shaanxi province,effects of different fertilization on soil bacterial community diversity and main soil chemical properties were studied by T-RFLP（Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism）technique and other routine analysis methods.Four treatments were chosen as：without fertilization（CK）,only chemical N fertilizer（N）,chemical N,P and K fertilizer（NPK）,and high amount of organic with NPK fertilizer（M2）.The results showed that,compared with CK,soil organic matter and total nitrogen mass fraction were increased significantly,whilepH was decreased significantly in the N,NPK and M2 treatments.The M2 treatment could improve soil quality significantly.Soil microbial biomass carbon（SMBC）and soil microbial biomass nitrogen（SMBN）were higher in NPK and M2 treatments than in CK and N treatments.The ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon to soil organic carbon was the highest in NPK treatment,while it was the lowest in N treatment.Shannon-Wiener and Evenness index under the N treatment were 6.1%and 5.8%less than under the CK treatment respectively.Both NPK and M2 were conducive to the maintenance of soil microbial richness and evenness.The effect of M2 treatment on soil bacterial community structure was positive,while that of N treatment was opposite.RDA analysis showed that,compared with CK,soil bacterial community structure under the N and M2 treatments were significantly changed,of which M2 changed much more.Long-term different fertilization had a significant effect on bacterial community structure in an anthropogenic Lou soil,and the main causes were the shifts of main soil chemical properties.In conclusion,NPK and M2 could maintain soil microbial ecosystem well on Lou soil.
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期162-170,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203030)
中央高校基本科研创新项目(QN2012038)
关键词
长期施肥
土壤微生物量碳氮
土壤细菌
多样性
T-RFLP
Long-term fertilization
Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen
Soil bacteria
Diversity
T-RFLP
作者简介
马琳，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤微生物生态。E—mail：403448481@qq．com
通信作者：孙本华，男，主要从事土壤化学和土壤生态研究。E—mail：sunbenhua@126．com
