摘要
大数据分析已在一些国家应用到公共教育中,成为教育改革的重要力量。然而,目前有关数据智慧的研究还比较薄弱。如何提升教师的数据智慧,使其具备在大数据时代开展教学活动的能力,成为急需解决的问题。为了把握数据智慧的研究现状及最新发展,本研究在厘清数据智慧及相关概念的基础上,分析了大数据时代教师专业发展的新态势,并对数据智慧的国内外研究文献进行了梳理。文献回顾发现,国外在提升教师数据智慧方面构建了多种模型,其中美国开发的"数据智慧改进过程"模型可为我国教师提供借鉴。该模型包括"准备""探究"和"行动"三阶段,旨在帮助教师更好地利用数据确认常见的学生学习需求,生成和实施教学方案,并衡量这些方案在提高学生成绩上的有效性。本文对该模型的实施步骤进行了说明,并以夏洛特—梅克伦堡学校为例分析了该模型的应用。了解这一模型,对探索我国数据智慧研究的未来发展趋势和提升我国教师数据智慧的研究有重要意义。
The big data analysis has been applied to public education in America and becomes an important force in education reforms. Teachers need data-based wisdom to use data to drive instruction. Data use has been promoted as an required ability for teachers in the era of Big Data. However, the field lacks a detailed understanding of how teachers actually use data to inform instruction wisely and the factors that shape this process. The research on teachers, data-based wisdom is still relatively weak now. How to improve teachers, data-based wisdom and make them have the ability to carry out teaching activities in the era of Big Data has become a common problem urgently needed to be solved.
In order to get the international research context of teachers, data-based wisdom and its latest development, this study analyzes the new trend of teacher,s professional development on the basis of clarifying the concept of data-based wisdom, and then provides a brief review of literature on teachers, data-based wisdom.
The research found that a variety of models have been built to improve teachers, data-based wisdom abroad. The Data Wise Improvement Process model （ DWIP） is developed by America. It provides an operational model that can be used for reference. It includes three phases：prepare, inquire, and act. The model can help teachers using data to identify common student learning needs, to generate and implement instructional solutions, and to measure those solutions’ efectiveness at raising student achievement. The model can enhance the ability of teachers and principals to collaboratively analyze data. This paper outlines the background of the DWIP, steps involved in implementing the DWIP, and takes Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools（ CMS） as an example to analyze the practical use of the DWIP. It will promote the research on cultivation of teachers, data-based wisdom in the era of Big Data if we understand the model,reflect on the status of education in our country,and explore the future development trend of the research of teachers, data-based wisdom in our country.
出处
《开放教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第3期30-39,共10页
Open Education Research
基金
广东省教育研究院教育研究一般课题"DDDM理论在构建中小学教学质量评价体系中的应用--以广州市为例"(GDJY-2014-b475)
广东省教育科研"十二五"规划2013年度课题"面向师范生信息化教学技能培养的微课设计与应用的实证研究"(2013JK048)
关键词
大数据
数据智慧
数据智慧改进过程
big data
data-based wisdom
the Data Wise Improvement Process model
作者简介
王萍，课程与教学论博士，华南师范大学文学院讲师，华南师范大学网络学院校聘讲师，研究方向：学科教育理论与实践、基于技术的学习与教学研究、语文教育测量与评价（wangping@m．scnu．edu．cn）
