摘要
肿瘤细胞利用有氧糖酵解将葡萄糖转变为细胞代谢及增殖所需的物质,如核苷酸、氨基酸和脂质等,并产生ATP。丙酮酸激酶是糖酵解途径中的限速酶,催化磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸生成丙酮酸。其四种同工酶之一PKM2(pyruvate kinase M2),由四个亚基组成,有单体、二聚体及四聚体等多种存在形式。其中,PKM2四聚体活性最强,能促进葡萄糖通过氧化磷酸化彻底氧化分解生成ATP,而其二聚体则促进Warburg效应,即葡萄糖的有氧酵解。两者之间的平衡在肿瘤形成中起到了很重要的作用,同时也受到一系列因子的调控。该文就PKM2在肿瘤代谢中的作用及其活性调节作一介绍。
The tumor cells can transfer glucose to metabolites required for cell metabolism and proliferation through aerobic glycolysis, such as nucleotides, amino acids, lipids, as well as adenosine triphosphate（ATP）. Pyruvate kinase, one of the rate-limiting enzymes in the glycolytic pathway, catalyzes the substrate phosphoenolpyruvicacid to be transformed into pyruvate. One of its four isozymes, pyruvate kinase M2（PKM2）, is consisted of four subunits. It can exist in forms of monomer, dimer, trimer or tetramer. PKM2 tetramer is the most active form which motivates glucose to be totally oxidized, producing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Nevertheless PKM2 dimer prones to promote the glucose aerobic glycolysis, which is commonly observed in tumor cells named the Warburg effect. The balance between PKM2 dimer and tetramer, which is modulated by a series of regulating factors, plays an important role in tumorigenesis. In this review, we briefly introduce the function of PKM2 in tumorigenesis and its activity regulation.
出处
《中国细胞生物学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2015年第4期582-587,共6页
Chinese Journal of Cell Biology
基金
上海交通大学医学院临床医学八年制RBL项目
上海市自然科学基金(批准号:13ZR1422900)资助的课题~~
作者简介
通讯作者。Tel：021—63846590-778026，Fax：021-64661525，E-mail：ccairong@126．com
