摘要
针对大型船舶火灾中的烟气蔓延,分析了场模型FDS软件和区域模型CFAST软件各自的局限性。基于能量传输、组分转换和压力平衡原理,建立了船舶舱室火灾烟气蔓延的场-区耦合模型。搭建了带有4个测点的船舶舱室火灾缩尺试验平台,验证了耦合模型的有效性。对船舶舱室火灾的烟气蔓延进行了场模拟、区域模拟和场-区耦合模拟,并将温度和烟气层高度的模拟结果进行对比分析。分析结果表明:4个测点的温度均随着时间的增大而上升,在同一时刻距火源近的测点温度高,随着与火源间距离的变大,测点温度降低,4个测点的温度受烟气湍流的影响略有波动;在燃烧达到稳定状态之后,场-区耦合模型能较准确地模拟烟气层高度的变化规律,均优于场模型和区域模型的模拟结果;在计算时间上,场-区耦合模型比场模型缩减了约54%的计算时间;场-区耦合模型的模拟结果与试验结果具有良好的一致性,因此,其具有较好的工程应用价值。
Aiming at the fire smoke propagation in large ship cabin,the limitations of field model FDS and zone model CFAST were analyzed.Based on the principles of energy transmission, component transformation and pressure balance, the field-zone coupling model of smoke propagation in ship cabin was developed, and the small scale experiment platform with 4 temperature measuring points of ship cabin fire was set up to verify the effectiveness of the established coupling model.The simulations of fire smoke propagation in ship cabin were carried out by field model,zone model and field-zone coupling model respectively,and the simulation results of temperature and smoke layer height were compared. Analysis result shows the temperatures of 4 measuring points increase with the increase of time,the measuring point near fire has higher temperature at the same time.With the increase of distance from fire,the temperature of measuring point falls, and the slight fluctuations of the temperatures at 4 measuring points appear due to smoke turbulent flow.When fire burning reaches steady state, the change regular of smoke layer height can be simulated by using the models,and the simulation result by using field-zone coupling model is better than the simulation results by using＆amp;nbsp;field model and zone model.The calculation time for field-zone coupling model is about 54% less than the calculation time for field model.The simulation result by using field-zone coupling model is consist with the test result,so the field-zone coupling model has better engineering value. 1 tab,25 figs,28 refs.
出处
《交通运输工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期59-69,共11页
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51109127)
上海市教委一流学科建设项目(A151021402S)
上海市研究生教育创新计划实施项目(20131129)
上海市晨光计划项目(10CG51)
作者简介
汪金辉（1981-），男，安徽桐城人，上海海事大学讲师，工学博士，从事舶舶火灾风险评估研究。
