摘要
航天员是载人航天活动的主体和核心,维持和增强航天员的能力,充分发挥人的主观能动作用是确保载人航天任务成功的关键。我国载人航天正从短期向长期空间飞行过渡,研究长期空间飞行下人的作业能力变化特性是开展相关研制的基础。本文从论述载人航天中人的地位和作用出发,分析了长期空间飞行中人的作业能力特点和需求,较系统地综述了国际上在长期空间飞行中人的作业能力变化特性方面最新基础研究和应用成果及发展态势,最后对我国空间站和后续载人航天任务在航天员作业能力方面的研究提出了建议。
It is well known that astronaut plays a very important role in manned spaceflights. In order to ensure the successful implementation of manned space missions,it is essential to maintain and improve the performance capabilities of astronaut in space. With the initiation of China＇s space station program,China will face great challenges in the transition from short-term to long-duration spaceflights in the future. One of the challenges is to get a profound understanding of possible changes of human performance capabilities during long-duration spaceflight,which also lays a foundation for the development of the space station. In this paper,the basic requirements on human＇s capabilities in long-duration spaceflight and relevant characteristics were analyzed. The recent progress of researches on changes of human performance capabilities in long-duration spaceflight was summarized and future prospects were depicted. In the end,some suggestions for further researches in this area in China＇s manned space program were proposed.
出处
《航天医学与医学工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期1-10,共10页
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
基金
国家重大基础研究(973计划)项目(2011CB711000)
关键词
长期空间飞行
航天员
人的作业能力
航天人因工程
空间站
long-duration spaceflight
astronaut
human performance capabilities
space human factors engineering
space station
作者简介
通讯作者：陈善广shanguang_chen@126．com 陈善广，博士，研究员。研究方向为航天人因工程。E—mail：shanguang_chen@126．com
