摘要
油气生成后发生运移,在途经的围岩环境中发生流—岩相互作用而损耗,以及分散于地下或暴露地表而损失,这一过程即为油气耗散。油气耗散主要特点为流—岩地质作用,在这一过程中将产生系列成岩蚀变,如氧化砂岩的绿色化、白色化,以及局部碳酸盐化等;导致一些成矿效应,如铀矿化、高岭土化等。从而在沉积盆地中构成有机与无机、金属与非金属矿产同存共荣于一盆,此即为沉积盆地成藏(矿)系统。因而油气耗散作用内容属于交叉学科方向,目前仅在鄂尔多斯盆地得到初步研究。在油气耗散成岩及成矿作用过程中,部分微量元素、有机地球化学参数、以及碳、氢、氧、硫、硅等稳定同位素可表现出一定的标志性特征。这在目前"油气—铀溶液—砂岩"相互作用模拟实验中也已得到初步的证实。当前,沉积盆地中油气耗散方向与规模、成岩与成矿效应的地球化学作用机理、有机—无机(如烃源岩—铀等无机元素)作用效应及对相关资源评价的影响、多种能源综合协同预测与勘探等方面是未来油气耗散作用学科领域的主要发展方向。
The migration of oil and gas will interact with rock and disperse in underground or expose surface to loss, this process is the hydrocarbon dissipation. The characteristics of hydrocarbon dissipation is flow--rock geological process, that can produce a series of diagenetic alteration, （the greenization and bleaching and partial carbonation of sandstone） and lead to mineralization effect （uranium mineralization and kaolinization etc. ）. So Organic--inorganic mineral and metal--non-metallic mineral enrich in a basin, that is sedimentary basin accumulation （mine） system. Thus hydrocarbon dissipation function content belongs to the interdisciplinary direetion, a preliminary study on the eurrently available only in the Ordos basin. In the process of hydrocarbon dissipation diagenesis and mineralization, part of the trace elements, organic geochemical parameters, as well as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, silicon and other stable isotopes have some ieonic features, that the ＂oil-gas- sandstone-uranium solution＂ interaction simulation experiments have been preliminary established. At present, the hydrocarbon dissipation direction and scale, the effect of diagenetic and metallogenetie geochemical mechanism, organic-inorganic （such as hydrocarbon source rocks--inorganic elements such as uranium） effect and the related resources evaluation, the influence of various energy integrated collaborative forecasting and exploration is the main research direction and subject of hydrocarbon dissipation.
出处
《地质论评》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期1199-1211,共13页
Geological Review
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(批准号41173060)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2015CB453000)
中国地质调查局“鄂尔多斯盆地多种能源综合调查评价”(编号12120114009201)
“我国北方主要沉积盆地多种能源矿产同盆共存的赋存机理和分布规(编号1212011220799)”
西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室科技部专项经费资助项目的成果
关键词
油气耗散
成岩蚀变
成矿效应
多种能源
地球化学
鄂尔多斯盆地
hydrocarbon dissipation
diagenetic alteration
metallogenetic effect
multiple energy
geochemistry
Ordos basin
作者简介
吴柏林,男,1967年生.博士,教授,博士生导师.研究方向为矿产普查与勘探专业.Email：wbailin@126.com.
