摘要
本文利用各省市数据测算中国工业行业的产能利用率、技术效率与设备利用率,对各行业及各地区的产能利用率进行比较分析,并探讨产能利用率的影响因素。结果显示:2001-2011年中国工业平均产能利用率为69.3%,以2008年为分界点,之前基本呈上升趋势,之后基本呈波动下滑趋势;产能利用率的两项分项中,设备利用率较技术效率更低,但后者近年来有明显的下滑趋势;分行业看,轻工业产能利用率普遍较高,采矿业、公共事业及制造业中的重工业普遍较低;分区域看,东部地区产能利用率远高于其他地区,东北、中部及西部地区则较为接近;影响因素方面,经济增速、市场化程度与产能利用率显著正相关,行业资本密集度、国有产值比重、地方政府投资力度与产能利用率有较显著的负相关关系。
This paper estimated industrial capacity utilization, technical efficiency and equipment utilization between 2001 and 2011 based on provincial data, compared the different capacity utilizations among industries and provinces, and explored the factors affecting capacity utilization. Result of the estimate indicated that the average capacity utilization of Chinese industry during 2001 to 2011 is 69.3%. Capacity utilization before 2008 showed an upward trend, while that after 2008 fluctuated downward. In the two sub-items of capacity utilization, equipment utilization is lower than technical efficiency, thought the latter has showed obvious downward trend in recent years. In terms of industries, capacity utilization of light industry is generally higher, while that of mining industry, public utilities as well as heavy industry is generally lower. In terms of regions, capacity utilization in eastern region is much higher than the other three regions. Among the affecting factors, economic growth and marketization degree were positively related to capacity utilization significantly, while capital intensity, proportion of state-owned output value and local government investment were negatively related to capacity utilization.
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期84-98,共15页
Economic Research Journal
基金
中国社会科学院创新工程项目"工业经济运行监测与风险评估研究"(批准号:SKGJCX2013-01)的资助
关键词
生产能力
产能利用率
技术效率
设备利用率
数据包络分析
Capacity
Capacity Utilization
Technical Efficiency
Equipment Utilization
Data Envelopment Analysis
作者简介
董敏杰，中债资信评估有限责任公司，邮政编码：100032，电子信箱：dongminjie@sohu．com；
梁泳梅，中国社会科学院工业经济研究所，邮政编码：100836，电子信箱：liangym@Ca．SS．org．cn，
张其仔，中国社会科学院工业经济研究所，邮政编码：100836，电子信箱：zhangqizi65@yahoo．com。
